source: GTP/trunk/App/Demos/Geom/include/OgreSkeleton.h @ 1030

Revision 1030, 19.8 KB checked in by gumbau, 18 years ago (diff)

Ogre Stuff initial import

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1/*
2-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3This source file is part of OGRE
4    (Object-oriented Graphics Rendering Engine)
5For the latest info, see http://www.ogre3d.org/
6
7Copyright (c) 2000-2005 The OGRE Team
8Also see acknowledgements in Readme.html
9
10This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
11the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software
12Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
13version.
14
15This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
16ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
17FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
18
19You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with
20this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
21Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA, or go to
22http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.txt.
23-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
24*/
25
26#ifndef __Skeleton_H__
27#define __Skeleton_H__
28
29#include "OgrePrerequisites.h"
30#include "OgreResource.h"
31#include "OgreAnimationState.h"
32#include "OgreQuaternion.h"
33#include "OgreVector3.h"
34
35namespace Ogre {
36
37    /**  */
38    enum SkeletonAnimationBlendMode {
39        /// Animations are applied by calculating a weighted average of all animations
40            ANIMBLEND_AVERAGE,
41        /// Animations are applied by calculating a weighted cumulative total
42            ANIMBLEND_CUMULATIVE
43    };
44
45#define OGRE_MAX_NUM_BONES 256
46
47       
48        struct LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource;
49
50    /** A collection of Bone objects used to animate a skinned mesh.
51    @remarks
52        Skeletal animation works by having a collection of 'bones' which are
53        actually just joints with a position and orientation, arranged in a tree structure.
54        For example, the wrist joint is a child of the elbow joint, which in turn is a
55        child of the shoulder joint. Rotating the shoulder automatically moves the elbow
56        and wrist as well due to this hierarchy.
57    @par
58        So how does this animate a mesh? Well every vertex in a mesh is assigned to one or more
59        bones which affects it's position when the bone is moved. If a vertex is assigned to
60        more than one bone, then weights must be assigned to determine how much each bone affects
61        the vertex (actually a weight of 1.0 is used for single bone assignments).
62        Weighted vertex assignments are especially useful around the joints themselves
63        to avoid 'pinching' of the mesh in this region.
64    @par
65        Therefore by moving the skeleton using preset animations, we can animate the mesh. The
66        advantage of using skeletal animation is that you store less animation data, especially
67        as vertex counts increase. In addition, you are able to blend multiple animations together
68        (e.g. walking and looking around, running and shooting) and provide smooth transitions
69        between animations without incurring as much of an overhead as would be involved if you
70        did this on the core vertex data.
71    @par
72        Skeleton definitions are loaded from datafiles, namely the .skeleton file format. They
73        are loaded on demand, especially when referenced by a Mesh.
74    */
75    class _OgreExport Skeleton : public Resource
76    {
77                friend class SkeletonInstance;
78        protected:
79                /// Internal constructor for use by SkeletonInstance only
80                Skeleton();
81
82    public:
83        /** Constructor, don't call directly, use SkeletonManager.
84        @remarks
85            On creation, a Skeleton has a no bones, you should create them and link
86            them together appropriately.
87        */
88        Skeleton(ResourceManager* creator, const String& name, ResourceHandle handle,
89            const String& group, bool isManual = false, ManualResourceLoader* loader = 0);
90        virtual ~Skeleton();
91
92
93        /** Creates a brand new Bone owned by this Skeleton.
94        @remarks
95            This method creates an unattached new Bone for this skeleton.
96                        Unless this is to be a root bone (there may be more than one of
97                        these), you must attach it to another Bone in the skeleton using addChild for it to be any use.
98            For this reason you will likely be better off creating child bones using the
99            Bone::createChild method instead, once you have created the root bone.
100        @par
101            Note that this method automatically generates a handle for the bone, which you
102            can retrieve using Bone::getHandle. If you wish the new Bone to have a specific
103            handle, use the alternate form of this method which takes a handle as a parameter,
104            although you should note the restrictions.
105        */
106        virtual Bone* createBone(void);
107
108        /** Creates a brand new Bone owned by this Skeleton.
109        @remarks
110            This method creates an unattached new Bone for this skeleton and assigns it a
111            specific handle. Unless this is to be a root bone (there may be more than one of
112                        these), you must attach it to another Bone in the skeleton using addChild for it to be any use.
113            For this reason you will likely be better off creating child bones using the
114            Bone::createChild method instead, once you have created a root bone.
115        @param handle The handle to give to this new bone - must be unique within this skeleton.
116            You should also ensure that all bone handles are eventually contiguous (this is to simplify
117            their compilation into an indexed array of transformation matrices). For this reason
118            it is advised that you use the simpler createBone method which automatically assigns a
119            sequential handle starting from 0.
120        */
121        virtual Bone* createBone(unsigned short handle);
122
123        /** Creates a brand new Bone owned by this Skeleton.
124        @remarks
125            This method creates an unattached new Bone for this skeleton and assigns it a
126            specific name.Unless this is to be a root bone (there may be more than one of
127                        these), you must attach it to another Bone in the skeleton using addChild for it to be any use.
128            For this reason you will likely be better off creating child bones using the
129            Bone::createChild method instead, once you have created the root bone.
130        @param name The name to give to this new bone - must be unique within this skeleton.
131            Note that the way OGRE looks up bones is via a numeric handle, so if you name a
132            Bone this way it will be given an automatic sequential handle. The name is just
133            for your convenience, although it is recommended that you only use the handle to
134            retrieve the bone in performance-critical code.
135        */
136        virtual Bone* createBone(const String& name);
137
138        /** Creates a brand new Bone owned by this Skeleton.
139        @remarks
140            This method creates an unattached new Bone for this skeleton and assigns it a
141            specific name and handle. Unless this is to be a root bone (there may be more than one of
142                        these), you must attach it to another Bone in the skeleton using addChild for it to be any use.
143            For this reason you will likely be better off creating child bones using the
144            Bone::createChild method instead, once you have created the root bone.
145        @param name The name to give to this new bone - must be unique within this skeleton.
146        @param handle The handle to give to this new bone - must be unique within this skeleton.
147        */
148        virtual Bone* createBone(const String& name, unsigned short handle);
149
150        /** Returns the number of bones in this skeleton. */
151        virtual unsigned short getNumBones(void) const;
152
153        /** Gets the root bone of the skeleton: deprecated in favour of getRootBoneIterator.
154        @remarks
155            The system derives the root bone the first time you ask for it. The root bone is the
156            only bone in the skeleton which has no parent. The system locates it by taking the
157            first bone in the list and going up the bone tree until there are no more parents,
158            and saves this top bone as the root. If you are building the skeleton manually using
159            createBone then you must ensure there is only one bone which is not a child of
160            another bone, otherwise your skeleton will not work properly. If you use createBone
161            only once, and then use Bone::createChild from then on, then inherently the first
162            bone you create will by default be the root.
163        */
164        virtual Bone* getRootBone(void) const;
165
166        typedef std::vector<Bone*> BoneList;
167        typedef VectorIterator<BoneList> BoneIterator;
168        /// Get an iterator over the root bones in the skeleton, ie those with no parents
169        virtual BoneIterator getRootBoneIterator(void);
170        /// Get an iterator over all the bones in the skeleton
171        virtual BoneIterator getBoneIterator(void);
172
173        /** Gets a bone by it's handle. */
174        virtual Bone* getBone(unsigned short handle) const;
175
176        /** Gets a bone by it's name. */
177        virtual Bone* getBone(const String& name) const;
178
179        /** Sets the current position / orientation to be the 'binding pose' ie the layout in which
180            bones were originally bound to a mesh.
181        */
182        virtual void setBindingPose(void);
183
184        /** Resets the position and orientation of all bones in this skeleton to their original binding position.
185        @remarks
186            A skeleton is bound to a mesh in a binding pose. Bone positions are then modified from this
187            position during animation. This method returns all the bones to their original position and
188            orientation.
189        @param resetManualBones If set to true, causes the state of manual bones to be reset
190            too, which is normally not done to allow the manual state to persist even
191            when keyframe animation is applied.
192        */
193        virtual void reset(bool resetManualBones = false);
194
195        /** Creates a new Animation object for animating this skeleton.
196        @param name The name of this animation
197        @param length The length of the animation in seconds
198        */
199        virtual Animation* createAnimation(const String& name, Real length);
200
201        /** Returns the named Animation object.
202                @remarks
203                        Will pick up animations in linked skeletons
204                        (@see addLinkedSkeletonAnimationSource).
205                @param name The name of the animation
206                @param linker Optional pointer to a pointer to the linked skeleton animation
207                        where this is coming from.
208                */
209        virtual Animation* getAnimation(const String& name,
210                        const LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource** linker = 0) const;
211
212        /** Removes an Animation from this skeleton. */
213        virtual void removeAnimation(const String& name);
214
215        /** Changes the state of the skeleton to reflect the application of the passed in collection of animations.
216        @remarks
217            Animating a skeleton involves both interpolating between keyframes of a specific animation,
218            and blending between the animations themselves. Calling this method sets the state of
219            the skeleton so that it reflects the combination of all the passed in animations, at the
220            time index specified for each, using the weights specified. Note that the weights between
221            animations do not have to sum to 1.0, because some animations may affect only subsets
222            of the skeleton. If the weights exceed 1.0 for the same area of the skeleton, the
223            movement will just be exaggerated.
224            @param
225        */
226        virtual void setAnimationState(const AnimationStateSet& animSet);
227
228        /** Gets the last animation state of this skeleton. */
229        virtual const AnimationStateSet& getAnimationState(void) const;
230       
231
232        /** Initialise an animation set suitable for use with this skeleton.
233        @remarks
234            Only recommended for use inside the engine, not by applications.
235        */
236        virtual void _initAnimationState(AnimationStateSet* animSet);
237
238                /** Refresh an animation set suitable for use with this skeleton.
239                @remarks
240                        Only recommended for use inside the engine, not by applications.
241                */
242                virtual void _refreshAnimationState(AnimationStateSet* animSet);
243
244                /** Populates the passed in array with the bone matrices based on the current position.
245        @remarks
246            Internal use only. The array pointed to by the passed in pointer must
247            be at least as large as the number of bones.
248            Assumes animation has already been updated.
249        */
250        virtual void _getBoneMatrices(Matrix4* pMatrices);
251
252        /** Gets the number of animations on this skeleton. */
253        virtual unsigned short getNumAnimations(void) const;
254
255        /** Gets a single animation by index.
256                @remarks
257                        Will NOT pick up animations in linked skeletons
258                        (@see addLinkedSkeletonAnimationSource).
259                */
260        virtual Animation* getAnimation(unsigned short index) const;
261
262
263                /** Gets the animation blending mode which this skeleton will use. */
264        virtual SkeletonAnimationBlendMode getBlendMode();
265        /** Sets the animation blending mode this skeleton will use. */
266                virtual void setBlendMode(SkeletonAnimationBlendMode state);
267
268        /// Updates all the derived transforms in the skeleton
269        virtual void _updateTransforms(void);
270
271                /** Optimise all of this skeleton's animations.
272                @see Animation::optimise
273                */
274                virtual void optimiseAllAnimations(void);
275
276                /** Allows you to use the animations from another Skeleton object to animate
277                        this skeleton.
278                @remarks
279                        If you have skeletons of identical structure (that means identically
280                        named bones with identical handles, and with the same hierarchy), but
281                        slightly different proportions or binding poses, you can re-use animations
282                        from one in the other. Because animations are actually stored as
283                        changes to bones from their bind positions, it's possible to use the
284                        same animation data for different skeletons, provided the skeletal
285                        structure matches and the 'deltas' stored in the keyframes apply
286                        equally well to the other skeletons bind position (so they must be
287                        roughly similar, but don't have to be identical). You can use the
288                        'scale' option to adjust the translation and scale keyframes where
289                        there are large differences in size between the skeletons.
290                @note
291                        This method takes a skeleton name, rather than a more specific
292                        animation name, for two reasons; firstly it allows some validation
293                        of compatibility of skeletal structure, and secondly skeletons are
294                        the unit of loading. Linking a skeleton to another in this way means
295                        that the linkee will be prevented from being destroyed until the
296                        linker is destroyed.
297
298                        You cannot set up cyclic relationships, e.g. SkeletonA uses SkeletonB's
299                        animations, and SkeletonB uses SkeletonA's animations. This is because
300                        it would set up a circular dependency which would prevent proper
301                        unloading - make one of the skeletons the 'master' in this case.
302                @param skelName Name of the skeleton to link animations from. This
303                        skeleton will be loaded immediately if this skeleton is already
304                        loaded, otherwise it will be loaded when this skeleton is.
305                @param scale A scale factor to apply to translation and scaling elements
306                        of the keyframes in the other skeleton when applying the animations
307                        to this one. Compensates for skeleton size differences.
308                */
309                virtual void addLinkedSkeletonAnimationSource(const String& skelName,
310                        Real scale = 1.0f);
311                /// Remove all links to other skeletons for the purposes of sharing animation
312                virtual void removeAllLinkedSkeletonAnimationSources(void);
313               
314                typedef std::vector<LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource>
315                        LinkedSkeletonAnimSourceList;
316                typedef ConstVectorIterator<LinkedSkeletonAnimSourceList>
317                        LinkedSkeletonAnimSourceIterator;
318                /// Get an iterator over the linked skeletons used as animation sources
319                virtual LinkedSkeletonAnimSourceIterator
320                        getLinkedSkeletonAnimationSourceIterator(void) const;
321
322        protected:
323                SkeletonAnimationBlendMode mBlendState;
324        /// Storage of bones, indexed by bone handle
325        BoneList mBoneList;
326        /// Lookup by bone name
327        typedef std::map<String, Bone*> BoneListByName;
328        BoneListByName mBoneListByName;
329
330
331        /// Pointer to root bones (can now have multiple roots)
332        mutable BoneList mRootBones;
333        /// Bone automatic handles
334        unsigned short mNextAutoHandle;
335
336
337        /// Storage of animations, lookup by name
338        typedef std::map<String, Animation*> AnimationList;
339        AnimationList mAnimationsList;
340
341        /// Saved version of last animation
342        AnimationStateSet mLastAnimationState;
343
344                /// List of references to other skeletons to use animations from
345                mutable LinkedSkeletonAnimSourceList mLinkedSkeletonAnimSourceList;
346
347        /** Internal method which parses the bones to derive the root bone.
348        @remarks
349            Must be const because called in getRootBone but mRootBone is mutable
350            since lazy-updated.
351        */
352        void deriveRootBone(void) const;
353
354        /// Debugging method
355        void _dumpContents(const String& filename);
356
357        /** @copydoc Resource::loadImpl
358        */
359        void loadImpl(void);
360
361        /** @copydoc Resource::unloadImpl
362        */
363        void unloadImpl(void);
364                /// @copydoc Resource::calculateSize
365                size_t calculateSize(void) const { return 0; } // TODO
366
367    };
368
369    /** Specialisation of SharedPtr to allow SharedPtr to be assigned to SkeletonPtr
370    @note Has to be a subclass since we need operator=.
371    We could templatise this instead of repeating per Resource subclass,
372    except to do so requires a form VC6 does not support i.e.
373    ResourceSubclassPtr<T> : public SharedPtr<T>
374    */
375    class _OgreExport SkeletonPtr : public SharedPtr<Skeleton>
376    {
377    public:
378        SkeletonPtr() : SharedPtr<Skeleton>() {}
379        explicit SkeletonPtr(Skeleton* rep) : SharedPtr<Skeleton>(rep) {}
380        SkeletonPtr(const SkeletonPtr& r) : SharedPtr<Skeleton>(r) {}
381        SkeletonPtr(const ResourcePtr& r) : SharedPtr<Skeleton>()
382        {
383                        // lock & copy other mutex pointer
384                        OGRE_LOCK_MUTEX(*r.OGRE_AUTO_MUTEX_NAME)
385                        OGRE_COPY_AUTO_SHARED_MUTEX(r.OGRE_AUTO_MUTEX_NAME)
386            pRep = static_cast<Skeleton*>(r.getPointer());
387            pUseCount = r.useCountPointer();
388            if (pUseCount)
389            {
390                ++(*pUseCount);
391            }
392        }
393
394        /// Operator used to convert a ResourcePtr to a SkeletonPtr
395        SkeletonPtr& operator=(const ResourcePtr& r)
396        {
397            if (pRep == static_cast<Skeleton*>(r.getPointer()))
398                return *this;
399            release();
400                        // lock & copy other mutex pointer
401                        OGRE_LOCK_MUTEX(*r.OGRE_AUTO_MUTEX_NAME)
402                        OGRE_COPY_AUTO_SHARED_MUTEX(r.OGRE_AUTO_MUTEX_NAME)
403            pRep = static_cast<Skeleton*>(r.getPointer());
404            pUseCount = r.useCountPointer();
405            if (pUseCount)
406            {
407                ++(*pUseCount);
408            }
409            return *this;
410        }
411    };
412
413        /// Link to another skeleton to share animations
414        struct LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource
415        {
416                String skeletonName;
417                SkeletonPtr pSkeleton;
418                Real scale;
419                LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource(const String& skelName, Real scl)
420                        : skeletonName(skelName), scale(scl) {}
421                        LinkedSkeletonAnimationSource(const String& skelName, Real scl,
422                                SkeletonPtr skelPtr)
423                                : skeletonName(skelName), pSkeleton(skelPtr), scale(scl) {}
424        };
425}
426
427
428#endif
429
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