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source: GTP/trunk/Lib/Vis/Preprocessing/src/RssTree.cpp @ 2053

Revision 2053, 74.3 KB checked in by mattausch, 17 years ago (diff)

Line
1	// ================================================================
2	// $Id: lsds_kdtree.cpp,v 1.18 2005/04/16 09:34:21 bittner Exp $
3	// ****************************************************************
4	/**
5	The KD tree based LSDS
6	*/
7	// Initial coding by
8	/**
9	@author Jiri Bittner
10	*/
11
12	// Standard headers
13	#include <stack>
14	#include <queue>
15	#include <algorithm>
16	#include <fstream>
17	#include <string>
18
19	#include "RssTree.h"
20
21	#include "Environment.h"
22	#include "VssRay.h"
23	#include "Intersectable.h"
24	#include "Ray.h"
25	#include "Containers.h"
26	#include "ViewCell.h"
27	#include "Exporter.h"
28	#include "Preprocessor.h"
29	#include "SceneGraph.h"
30	#include "SamplingStrategy.h"
31	#include "ViewCellsManager.h"
32
33
34	namespace GtpVisibilityPreprocessor {
35
36
37	#define DEBUG_SPLIT_COST 0
38	#define DEBUG_SPLITS 0
39
40	#define EVAL_VIEWCELLS 0
41
42	// Static variables
43	int
44	RssTreeLeaf::mailID = 0;
45
46	inline void
47	AddObject2Pvs(Intersectable *object,
48	const int side,
49	int &pvsBack,
50	int &pvsFront)
51	{
52
53	if (!object)
54	return;
55
56	if (side <= 0) {
57	if (!object->Mailed() && !object->Mailed(2)) {
58	pvsBack++;
59	if (object->Mailed(1))
60	object->Mail(2);
61	else
62	object->Mail();
63	}
64	}
65
66	if (side >= 0) {
67	if (!object->Mailed(1) && !object->Mailed(2)) {
68	pvsFront++;
69	if (object->Mailed())
70	object->Mail(2);
71	else
72	object->Mail(1);
73	}
74	}
75	}
76
77	inline void
78	AddViewcells2Pvs(const ViewCellContainer &viewcells,
79	const int side,
80	int &viewcellsBack,
81	int &viewcellsFront)
82	{
83	ViewCellContainer::const_iterator it = viewcells.begin();
84
85	for (; it != viewcells.end(); ++it) {
86	ViewCell viewcell = it;
87	if (side <= 0) {
88	if (!viewcell->Mailed() && !viewcell->Mailed(2)) {
89	viewcellsBack++;
90	if (viewcell->Mailed(1))
91	viewcell->Mail(2);
92	else
93	viewcell->Mail();
94	}
95	}
96
97	if (side >= 0) {
98	if (!viewcell->Mailed(1) && !viewcell->Mailed(2)) {
99	viewcellsFront++;
100	if (viewcell->Mailed())
101	viewcell->Mail(2);
102	else
103	viewcell->Mail(1);
104	}
105	}
106	}
107	}
108
109
110	// Constructor
111	RssTree::RssTree()
112	{
113	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.maxDepth", termMaxDepth);
114	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.minPvs", termMinPvs);
115	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.minRays", termMinRays);
116	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.maxRayContribution", termMaxRayContribution);
117	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.maxCostRatio", termMaxCostRatio);
118
119	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.minSize", termMinSize);
120	termMinSize = sqr(termMinSize);
121
122	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.refDirBoxMaxSize", refDirBoxMaxSize);
123	refDirBoxMaxSize = sqr(refDirBoxMaxSize);
124
125	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.epsilon", epsilon);
126	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.ct_div_ci", ct_div_ci);
127
128	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.maxTotalMemory", maxTotalMemory);
129	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.maxStaticMemory", maxStaticMemory);
130
131	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("RssTree.maxStaticMemory", maxStaticMemory);
132
133
134
135	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.accessTimeThreshold", accessTimeThreshold);
136	//= 1000;
137	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.minCollapseDepth", minCollapseDepth);
138	// int minCollapseDepth = 4;
139
140	// pRefDirThresh = cos(0.5M_PI - M_PIrefDirAngle/180.0);
141	// cosRefDir = cos(M_PI*refDirAngle/180.0);
142	// sinRefDir = sin(M_PI*refDirAngle/180.0);
143
144
145	// split type
146	char sname[128];
147	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetStringValue("RssTree.splitType", sname);
148	string name(sname);
149
150	if (name.compare("regular") == 0)
151	splitType = ESplitRegular;
152	else
153	if (name.compare("heuristic") == 0)
154	splitType = ESplitHeuristic;
155	else
156	if (name.compare("hybrid") == 0)
157	splitType = ESplitHybrid;
158	else {
159	cerr<<"Invalid RssTree split type "<<name<<endl;
160	exit(1);
161	}
162
163	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.hybridDepth", mHybridDepth);
164
165	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("RssTree.randomize", randomize);
166	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("RssTree.splitUseOnlyDrivingAxis", mSplitUseOnlyDrivingAxis);
167
168	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("RssTree.interleaveDirSplits", mInterleaveDirSplits);
169	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.dirSplitDepth", mDirSplitDepth);
170
171	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("RssTree.importanceBasedCost", mImportanceBasedCost);
172
173	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("RssTree.maxRays", mMaxRays);
174
175	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("RssTree.perObjectTree", mPerObjectTree);
176
177	// mRoots;
178
179	splitCandidates = new vector<SortableEntry>;
180	}
181
182
183	RssTree::~RssTree()
184	{
185	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++)
186	if (mRoots[i])
187	delete mRoots[i];
188	}
189
190
191
192
193	void
194	RssStatistics::Print(ostream &app) const
195	{
196	app << "###### RssTree statistics ######\n";
197
198	app << "#N_RAYS ( Number of rays )\n"
199	<< rays <<endl;
200
201	app << "#N_INITPVS ( Initial PVS size )\n"
202	<< initialPvsSize <<endl;
203
204	app << "#N_NODES ( Number of nodes )\n" << nodes << "\n";
205
206	app << "#N_LEAVES ( Number of leaves )\n" << Leaves() << "\n";
207
208	app << "#N_SPLITS ( Number of splits in axes x y z dx dy dz)\n";
209	for (int i=0; i<7; i++)
210	app << splits[i] <<" ";
211	app <<endl;
212
213	app << "#N_RAYREFS ( Number of rayRefs )\n" <<
214	rayRefs << "\n";
215
216	app << "#N_RAYRAYREFS ( Number of rayRefs / ray )\n" <<
217	rayRefs/(double)rays << "\n";
218
219	app << "#N_LEAFRAYREFS ( Number of rayRefs / leaf )\n" <<
220	rayRefs/(double)Leaves() << "\n";
221
222	app << "#N_MAXRAYREFS ( Max number of rayRefs / leaf )\n" <<
223	maxRayRefs << "\n";
224
225
226	// app << setprecision(4);
227
228	app << "#N_PMAXDEPTHLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves at maxdepth )\n"<<
229	maxDepthNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
230
231	app << "#N_PMINPVSLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with minPvs )\n"<<
232	minPvsNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
233
234	app << "#N_PMINRAYSLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with minRays )\n"<<
235	minRaysNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
236
237	app << "#N_PMINSIZELEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with minSize )\n"<<
238	minSizeNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
239
240	app << "#N_PMAXRAYCONTRIBLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with maximal ray contribution )\n"<<
241	maxRayContribNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
242
243	app << "#N_PMAXCOSTRATIOLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with max cost ratio )\n"<<
244	maxCostRatioNodes*100/(double)Leaves()<<endl;
245
246	app << "#N_ADDED_RAYREFS (Number of dynamically added ray references )\n"<<
247	addedRayRefs<<endl;
248
249	app << "#N_REMOVED_RAYREFS (Number of dynamically removed ray references )\n"<<
250	removedRayRefs<<endl;
251
252	// app << setprecision(4);
253
254	app << "#N_CTIME ( Construction time [s] )\n"
255	<< Time() << " \n";
256
257	app << "###### END OF RssTree statistics ######\n";
258
259	}
260
261
262	void
263	RssTree::UpdatePvsSize(RssTreeLeaf *leaf)
264	{
265	if (!leaf->mValidPvs) {
266	Intersectable::NewMail();
267	int pvsSize = 0;
268	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
269	ri != leaf->rays.end();
270	ri++)
271	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
272	Intersectable *object;
273	object = (*ri).GetObject();
274	if (object && !object->Mailed()) {
275	pvsSize++;
276	object->Mail();
277	}
278	}
279	leaf->SetPvsSize(pvsSize);
280
281	ComputeImportance(leaf);
282	}
283	}
284
285	bool
286	RssTree::ClipRay(
287	RssTreeNode::RayInfo &rayInfo,
288	const AxisAlignedBox3 &box
289	)
290	{
291	float tmin, tmax;
292	static Ray ray;
293	cerr<<"Clip not reimplented yet...Quiting\n";
294	exit(1);
295	ray.Init(rayInfo.GetOrigin(), rayInfo.GetDir(), Ray::LINE_SEGMENT);
296
297	if (!box.ComputeMinMaxT(ray, &tmin, &tmax) \|\| tmin>=tmax)
298	return false;
299
300	// now check if the ray origin lies inside the box
301	if ( tmax < rayInfo.mRay->GetSize() ) {
302	// this ray does not leave the box
303	rayInfo.mRay->SetupEndPoints(
304	ray.Extrap(tmax),
305	rayInfo.mRay->mTermination
306	);
307	return true;
308	}
309
310	return false;
311	}
312
313
314	void
315	RssTree::Construct(
316	ObjectContainer &objects,
317	VssRayContainer &rays
318	// forced bounding box is only used when computing from-box
319	// visibility
320	// AxisAlignedBox3 *forcedBoundingBox
321	)
322	{
323	cout<<"Constructing rss tree"<<endl<<flush;
324	stat.Start();
325
326	maxMemory = maxStaticMemory;
327
328	// if (root)
329	// delete root;
330
331	if (mPerObjectTree) {
332	// get max id from the rays
333	int i;
334	mRoots.resize(objects.size());
335	for (i = 0; i < objects.size(); i++) {
336	RssTreeLeaf *leaf = new RssTreeLeaf(NULL, 0);
337	// leaf->bbox.Initialize();
338	leaf->dirBBox.Initialize();
339	leaf->dirBBox.SetMin(2, 0.0f);
340	leaf->dirBBox.SetMax(2, 0.0f);
341	mRoots[i] = leaf;
342	}
343
344	// init spatial bounding boxes
345	for (i = 0; i < objects.size(); i++) {
346	GetRoot(objects[i])->bbox = objects[i]->GetBox();
347	}
348	stat.nodes = i;
349	stat.leaves = i;
350	} else {
351	mRoots.resize(1);
352	RssTreeLeaf *leaf = new RssTreeLeaf(NULL, (int)rays.size());
353	leaf->bbox.Initialize();
354	leaf->dirBBox.Initialize();
355	leaf->dirBBox.SetMin(2, 0.0f);
356	leaf->dirBBox.SetMax(2, 0.0f);
357	mRoots[0] = leaf;
358	stat.nodes = 1;
359	stat.leaves = 1;
360	}
361
362	for(VssRayContainer::const_iterator ri = rays.begin();
363	ri != rays.end();
364	ri++) {
365
366	RssTreeNode::RayInfo info(*ri);
367	if (!EpsilonEqualV3(info.GetOrigin(), info.GetTermination(), Limits::Small)) {
368
369	// first construct a leaf that will get subdivide
370	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf ) GetRoot(info.GetSourceObject());
371
372
373	leaf->AddRay(info);
374
375	// leaf bbox contains bbox of origins only
376
377	// include both origin and terminatin in the global bbox
378	#if USE_ORIGIN
379	leaf->bbox.Include((*ri)->GetOrigin());
380	bbox.Include((*ri)->GetOrigin());
381	#else
382	bbox.Include((*ri)->GetTermination());
383	leaf->bbox.Include((*ri)->GetTermination());
384	#endif
385	Vector3 dVec = Vector3(
386	(*ri)->GetDirParametrization(0),
387	(*ri)->GetDirParametrization(1),
388	0
389	);
390
391	leaf->dirBBox.Include(dVec);
392	dirBBox.Include(dVec);
393	}
394	}
395
396	// make the z axis (unused) a unit size
397	// important for volume computation
398
399	// if ( forcedBoundingBox )
400	// bbox = *forcedBoundingBox;
401
402	cout<<"Bbox = "<<bbox<<endl;
403	cout<<"Dirr Bbox = "<<dirBBox<<endl;
404
405	stat.rays = rays.size();
406	stat.initialPvsSize = 0;
407	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++) {
408	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )mRoots[i];
409	UpdatePvsSize(leaf);
410	stat.initialPvsSize += leaf->GetPvsSize();
411	mRoots[i] = Subdivide(TraversalData(leaf, GetBBox(leaf), 0));
412	}
413
414	if (splitCandidates) {
415	// force realease of this vector
416	delete splitCandidates;
417	splitCandidates = new vector<SortableEntry>;
418	}
419
420	stat.Stop();
421	stat.Print(cout);
422	cout<<"#Total memory="<<GetMemUsage()<<endl;
423
424	// this rotine also updates importances etc...
425	}
426
427	int
428	RssTree::UpdateSubdivision()
429	{
430	priority_queue<TraversalData> tStack;
431	// stack<TraversalData> tStack;
432
433	// tStack.push(TraversalData(root, bbox, 0));
434	PushRoots(tStack);
435
436	AxisAlignedBox3 backBox;
437	AxisAlignedBox3 frontBox;
438
439	maxMemory = maxTotalMemory;
440	int subdivided = 0;
441	int lastMem = 0;
442	while (!tStack.empty()) {
443
444	float mem = GetMemUsage();
445
446	if ( lastMem/10 != ((int)mem)/10) {
447	cout<<mem<<" MB"<<endl;
448	}
449	lastMem = (int)mem;
450
451	if ( mem > maxMemory ) {
452	// count statistics on unprocessed leafs
453	while (!tStack.empty()) {
454	// EvaluateLeafStats(tStack.top());
455	tStack.pop();
456	}
457	break;
458	}
459
460	TraversalData data = tStack.top();
461	tStack.pop();
462
463	if (data.node->IsLeaf()) {
464	RssTreeNode node = SubdivideNode((RssTreeLeaf ) data.node,
465	data.bbox,
466	backBox,
467	frontBox
468	);
469	if (!node->IsLeaf()) {
470	subdivided++;
471
472
473	RssTreeInterior interior = (RssTreeInterior ) node;
474	// push the children on the stack
475	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->back, backBox, data.depth+1));
476	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->front, frontBox, data.depth+1));
477	} else {
478	// EvaluateLeafStats(data);
479	}
480	} else {
481	RssTreeInterior interior = (RssTreeInterior ) data.node;
482	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->back, GetBBox(interior->back), data.depth+1));
483	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->front, GetBBox(interior->front), data.depth+1));
484	}
485	}
486	return subdivided;
487	}
488
489
490	RssTreeNode *
491	RssTree::Subdivide(const TraversalData &tdata)
492	{
493	RssTreeNode *result = NULL;
494
495	priority_queue<TraversalData> tStack;
496	// stack<TraversalData> tStack;
497
498	tStack.push(tdata);
499
500	AxisAlignedBox3 backBox;
501	AxisAlignedBox3 frontBox;
502
503
504	int lastMem = 0;
505	while (!tStack.empty()) {
506
507	float mem = GetMemUsage();
508
509	if ( lastMem/10 != ((int)mem)/10) {
510	cout<<mem<<" MB"<<endl;
511	}
512	lastMem = (int)mem;
513
514	if ( mem > maxMemory ) {
515	// count statistics on unprocessed leafs
516	while (!tStack.empty()) {
517	EvaluateLeafStats(tStack.top());
518	tStack.pop();
519	}
520	break;
521	}
522
523	TraversalData data = tStack.top();
524	tStack.pop();
525
526	#if DEBUG_SPLITS
527	Debug<<"#Splitting node"<<endl;
528	data.node->Print(Debug);
529	#endif
530	RssTreeNode node = SubdivideNode((RssTreeLeaf ) data.node,
531	data.bbox,
532	backBox,
533	frontBox
534	);
535
536
537	if (result == NULL)
538	result = node;
539
540	if (!node->IsLeaf()) {
541
542	RssTreeInterior interior = (RssTreeInterior ) node;
543	// push the children on the stack
544	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->back, backBox, data.depth+1));
545	tStack.push(TraversalData(interior->front, frontBox, data.depth+1));
546
547	#if DEBUG_SPLITS
548	Debug<<"#New nodes"<<endl;
549	interior->back->Print(Debug);
550	interior->front->Print(Debug);
551	Debug<<"#####################################"<<endl;
552	#endif
553
554	} else {
555	EvaluateLeafStats(data);
556	}
557	}
558
559	return result;
560	}
561
562
563	// returns selected plane for subdivision
564	int
565	RssTree::SelectPlane(
566	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
567	const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
568	SplitInfo &info
569	)
570	{
571
572	BestCostRatio(leaf,
573	info);
574
575	#if DEBUG_SPLIT_COST
576	Debug<<"Split Info:"<<endl;
577	Debug<<"axis="<<info.axis<<" ratio="<<info.costRatio<<endl;
578	Debug<<"rays="<<info.rays<<
579	" rays back="<<info.raysBack<<
580	" rays front="<<info.raysFront<<endl;
581	Debug<<"c="<<info.contribution<<
582	" c back="<<info.contributionBack<<
583	" c front="<<info.contributionFront<<endl;
584
585	// Debug<<"viewcells="<<info.viewCells<<
586	// " viewcells back="<<info.viewCellsBack<<
587	// " viewcells back="<<info.viewCellsFront<<endl;
588	#endif
589
590	if (info.costRatio > termMaxCostRatio) {
591	// cout<<"Too big cost ratio "<<costRatio<<endl;
592	stat.maxCostRatioNodes++;
593	return -1;
594	}
595
596	#if 0
597	cout<<
598	"pvs="<<leaf->mPvsSize<<
599	" rays="<<leaf->rays.size()<<
600	" rc="<<leaf->GetAvgRayContribution()<<
601	" axis="<<info.axis<<endl;
602	#endif
603
604	return info.axis;
605	}
606
607
608	void
609	RssTree::GetCostRatio(
610	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
611	SplitInfo &info
612	)
613	{
614
615	AxisAlignedBox3 box;
616	float minBox, maxBox;
617
618	if (info.axis < 3) {
619	box = GetBBox(leaf);
620	minBox = box.Min(info.axis);
621	maxBox = box.Max(info.axis);
622	} else {
623	box = GetDirBBox(leaf);
624	minBox = box.Min(info.axis-3);
625	maxBox = box.Max(info.axis-3);
626	}
627
628	float sizeBox = maxBox - minBox;
629
630	int pvsSize = leaf->GetPvsSize();
631
632	if (!mImportanceBasedCost) {
633	const int costMethod = 0;
634
635	switch (costMethod) {
636	case 0: {
637	float sum = info.pvsBack(info.position - minBox) + info.pvsFront(maxBox - info.position);
638	float newCost = ct_div_ci + sum/sizeBox;
639	float oldCost = (float)pvsSize;
640	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
641	break;
642	}
643	case 6: {
644	float sum = info.raysBack(info.position - minBox) + info.raysFront(maxBox - info.position);
645	float newCost = ct_div_ci + sum/sizeBox;
646	float oldCost = (float)info.rays;
647	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
648	break;
649	}
650	case 7: {
651	float benefit =
652	(sqr(info.contributionBack) + sqr(info.contributionFront))/
653	(2.0f*sqr(info.contribution));
654	info.costRatio = 1.0f/(benefit + Limits::Small);
655	break;
656	}
657
658
659	case 1: {
660	float newContrib =
661	(info.contributionBack*(info.position - minBox) +
662	+
663	info.contributionFront*(maxBox - info.position))/sizeBox;
664	float oldContrib = info.contribution;
665	info.costRatio = newContrib/oldContrib;
666	// cout<<info.contribution<<" "<<info.contributionBack<<" "<<info.contributionFront<<endl;
667	break;
668	}
669	case 2: {
670	float sum =
671	info.viewCellsBack*(info.position - minBox) +
672	info.viewCellsFront*(maxBox - info.position);
673	float newCost = ct_div_ci + sum/sizeBox;
674	float oldCost = (float)info.viewCells;
675	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
676	break;
677	}
678	case 3: {
679	float newCost = (float)(info.raysBackinfo.pvsBack + info.raysFrontinfo.pvsFront);
680	float oldCost = (float)leaf->rays.size()*pvsSize;
681	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
682	break;
683	}
684	}
685	} else {
686	const int costMethod = 1;
687	// importance based cost
688	switch (costMethod) {
689	case 0: {
690	break;
691	}
692	case 1: {
693	float newContrib =
694	sqr(info.pvsBack/(info.raysBack + Limits::Small)) +
695	sqr(info.pvsFront/(info.raysFront + Limits::Small));
696	float oldContrib = sqr(leaf->GetAvgRayContribution());
697	info.costRatio = oldContrib/newContrib;
698	break;
699	}
700	case 2: {
701	float newCost = (info.pvsBack + info.pvsFront)*0.5f;
702	float oldCost = (float)pvsSize;
703	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
704	break;
705	}
706	case 3: {
707	float newCost = (float)abs(info.raysBack - info.raysFront);
708	float oldCost = (float)leaf->rays.size();
709	info.costRatio = newCost/oldCost;
710	break;
711	}
712	}
713	}
714	}
715
716
717	void
718	RssTree::EvalCostRatio(
719	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
720	SplitInfo &info
721	)
722	{
723	info.rays = 0;
724	info.raysBack = 0;
725	info.raysFront = 0;
726	info.pvsFront = 0;
727	info.pvsBack = 0;
728	info.viewCells = 0;
729	info.viewCellsFront = 0;
730	info.viewCellsBack = 0;
731
732
733
734	float sumWeights = Limits::Small;
735	float sumWeightsBack = Limits::Small;
736	float sumWeightsFront = Limits::Small;
737
738	float sumContribution = 0.0f;
739	float sumContributionBack = 0.0f;
740	float sumContributionFront = 0.0f;
741
742	Intersectable::NewMail();
743
744	#if EVAL_VIEWCELLS
745	// count the numebr of viewcells first
746	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
747	ri != leaf->rays.end();
748	ri++)
749	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
750
751	ViewCellContainer::const_iterator it = (*ri).mRay->mViewCells.begin();
752	for (; it != (*ri).mRay->mViewCells.end(); ++it) {
753	if (!(*it)->Mailed()) {
754	(*it)->Mail();
755	info.viewCells++;
756	}
757	}
758	}
759	#endif
760
761	Intersectable::NewMail(3);
762
763	// this is the main ray classification loop!
764	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
765	ri != leaf->rays.end();
766	ri++)
767	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
768	int side;
769
770
771	// determine the side of this ray with respect to the plane
772	side = (*ri).ComputeRaySide(info.axis, info.position);
773
774	float weight, contribution;
775
776	GetRayContribution(*ri, weight, contribution);
777	sumWeights += weight;
778	sumContribution += contribution;
779	info.rays++;
780	if (side <= 0) {
781	info.raysBack++;
782	sumWeightsBack += weight;
783	sumContributionBack += contribution;
784	}
785
786	if (side >= 0) {
787	info.raysFront++;
788	sumWeightsFront += weight;
789	sumContributionFront += contribution;
790	}
791
792	AddObject2Pvs((*ri).GetObject(), side, info.pvsBack, info.pvsFront);
793
794	#if EVAL_VIEWCELLS
795	AddViewcells2Pvs((*ri).mRay->mViewCells,
796	side,
797	info.viewCellsBack,
798	info.viewCellsFront);
799	#endif
800	}
801
802	if (sumWeights!=0.0f)
803	info.contribution = sumContribution/sumWeights;
804	else
805	info.contribution = 0.0f;
806
807	if (sumWeightsBack!=0.0f)
808	info.contributionBack = sumContributionBack/sumWeightsBack;
809	else
810	info.contributionBack = 0.0f;
811
812	if (sumWeightsFront!=0.0f)
813	info.contributionFront = sumContributionFront/sumWeightsFront;
814	else
815	info.contributionFront = 0.0f;
816
817	// info.costRatio = 0.1 + Random(0.5f);
818	// return;
819
820	GetCostRatio(
821	leaf,
822	info);
823
824	//cout<<axis<<" "<<pvsSize<<" "<<pvsBack<<" "<<pvsFront<<endl;
825	// float oldCost = leaf->rays.size();
826
827	// cout<<"ratio="<<ratio<<endl;
828	}
829
830	void
831	RssTree::BestCostRatio(
832	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
833	SplitInfo &info
834	)
835	{
836	SplitInfo nInfo[5];
837	int bestAxis = -1;
838
839	AxisAlignedBox3 sBox = GetBBox(leaf);
840	AxisAlignedBox3 dBox = GetDirBBox(leaf);
841	// int sAxis = box.Size().DrivingAxis();
842	int sAxis = sBox.Size().DrivingAxis();
843	int dAxis = dBox.Size().DrivingAxis() + 3;
844
845	float dirSplitBoxSize = 0.01f;
846	bool allowDirSplit = Magnitude(sBox.Size())*dirSplitBoxSize < Magnitude(bbox.Size());
847
848	bool useCyclingAxis = true;
849
850	if (splitType == ESplitHeuristic \|\|
851	(splitType == ESplitHybrid && leaf->depth > mHybridDepth))
852	useCyclingAxis = false;
853
854	int cyclingAxis = 0;
855
856	if (leaf->parent)
857	cyclingAxis = (leaf->parent->axis + 1)%5;
858
859	if (0 && useCyclingAxis) {
860	int axis = cyclingAxis;
861	info.position = (sBox.Min()[axis] + sBox.Max()[axis])*0.5f;
862	info.axis = axis;
863	info.costRatio = 0.5f; // not true but good for speeding up the subdivision at the top levels!
864	info.raysBack = info.raysFront = leaf->rays.size()/2;
865	return;
866	}
867
868
869	for (int axis = 0; axis < 5; axis++)
870	if (
871	(axis < 3 && (leaf->depth < mDirSplitDepth \|\| mInterleaveDirSplits)) \|\|
872	(axis >= 3 && (leaf->depth >= mDirSplitDepth))
873	) {
874	nInfo[axis].axis = axis;
875	if ((!useCyclingAxis && (!mSplitUseOnlyDrivingAxis \|\| axis == sAxis \|\| axis == dAxis))
876	\|\| (useCyclingAxis && (axis == cyclingAxis))
877	) {
878
879	if (splitType == ESplitRegular) {
880	if (axis < 3)
881	nInfo[axis].position = (sBox.Min()[axis] + sBox.Max()[axis])*0.5f;
882	else
883	nInfo[axis].position = (dBox.Min()[axis-3] + dBox.Max()[axis-3])*0.5f;
884	EvalCostRatio(leaf,
885	nInfo[axis]);
886	} else
887	if (splitType == ESplitHeuristic) {
888	EvalCostRatioHeuristic(
889	leaf,
890	nInfo[axis]
891	);
892	} else
893	if (splitType == ESplitHybrid) {
894	if (leaf->depth > mHybridDepth)
895	EvalCostRatioHeuristic(
896	leaf,
897	nInfo[axis]
898	);
899	else {
900	if (axis < 3)
901	nInfo[axis].position = (sBox.Min()[axis] + sBox.Max()[axis])*0.5f;
902	else
903	nInfo[axis].position = (dBox.Min()[axis-3] + dBox.Max()[axis-3])*0.5f;
904
905	EvalCostRatio(leaf,
906	nInfo[axis]
907	);
908	}
909	} else {
910	cerr<<"RssTree: Unknown split heuristics\n";
911	exit(1);
912	}
913
914	if ( bestAxis == -1)
915	bestAxis = axis;
916	else
917	if ( nInfo[axis].costRatio < nInfo[bestAxis].costRatio )
918	bestAxis = axis;
919	}
920	}
921
922	info = nInfo[bestAxis];
923	}
924
925
926	void
927	RssTree::EvalCostRatioHeuristic(
928	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
929	SplitInfo &info
930	)
931	{
932	AxisAlignedBox3 box;
933	float minBox, maxBox;
934
935	if (info.axis < 3) {
936	box = GetBBox(leaf);
937	minBox = box.Min(info.axis);
938	maxBox = box.Max(info.axis);
939	} else {
940	box = GetDirBBox(leaf);
941	minBox = box.Min(info.axis-3);
942	maxBox = box.Max(info.axis-3);
943	}
944
945	SortSubdivisionCandidates(leaf, info.axis);
946
947	// go through the lists, count the number of objects left and right
948	// and evaluate the following cost funcion:
949	// C = ct_div_ci + (qlrl + qrrr)/queries
950
951	SplitInfo currInfo;
952	currInfo.axis = info.axis;
953
954	currInfo.raysBack = 0;
955	currInfo.raysFront = leaf->rays.size();
956
957	currInfo.pvsBack = 0;
958	currInfo.pvsFront = leaf->GetPvsSize();
959
960
961	float sumWeights = Limits::Small;
962	float sumWeightsBack = Limits::Small;
963	float sumWeightsFront = Limits::Small;
964
965	float sumContribution = 0.0f;
966	float sumContributionBack = 0.0f;
967	float sumContributionFront = 0.0f;
968
969
970	float sizeBox = maxBox - minBox;
971
972	float minBand = minBox + 0.1f*(maxBox - minBox);
973	float maxBand = minBox + 0.9f*(maxBox - minBox);
974
975	// best cost ratio
976	info.costRatio = 1e20f;
977
978	currInfo.viewCells = 0;
979	currInfo.rays = 0;
980
981	Intersectable::NewMail();
982	// set all object as belonging to the fron pvs
983	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
984	ri != leaf->rays.end();
985	ri++)
986	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
987
988	float weight, contribution;
989	GetRayContribution(*ri, weight, contribution);
990
991	sumWeights += weight;
992	sumContribution += contribution;
993	currInfo.rays++;
994
995	Intersectable object = (ri).GetObject();
996	if (object)
997	if (!object->Mailed()) {
998	object->Mail();
999
1000	object->mCounter = 1;
1001	} else
1002	{
1003
1004	object->mCounter++;
1005	}
1006	#if EVAL_VIEWCELLS
1007	// and do the same for all viewcells
1008	ViewCellContainer::const_iterator it = (*ri).mRay->mViewCells.begin();
1009
1010	for (; it != (*ri).mRay->mViewCells.end(); ++it) {
1011	ViewCell viewcell = it;
1012	if (!viewcell->Mailed()) {
1013	currInfo.viewCells++;
1014	viewcell->Mail();
1015
1016	viewcell->mCounter = 1;
1017	} else
1018	{
1019
1020	viewcell->mCounter++;
1021	}
1022	}
1023	#endif
1024	}
1025
1026	if (sumWeights!=0.0f)
1027	currInfo.contribution = sumContribution/sumWeights;
1028	else
1029	currInfo.contribution = 0.0f;
1030
1031	sumWeightsFront = sumWeights;
1032	sumContributionFront = sumContribution;
1033
1034	sumWeightsBack = 0;
1035	sumContributionBack = 0;
1036
1037	currInfo.viewCellsBack = 0;
1038	currInfo.viewCellsFront = currInfo.viewCells;
1039
1040	Intersectable::NewMail();
1041
1042	for(vector<SortableEntry>::const_iterator ci = splitCandidates->begin();
1043	ci < splitCandidates->end();
1044	ci++) {
1045	switch ((*ci).type) {
1046	case SortableEntry::ERayMin: {
1047	currInfo.raysFront--;
1048	currInfo.raysBack++;
1049
1050	RssTreeNode::RayInfo rayInfo = (RssTreeNode::RayInfo ) (*ci).data;
1051
1052	float weight, contribution;
1053	GetRayContribution(*rayInfo, weight, contribution);
1054
1055	sumWeightsBack += weight;
1056	sumContributionBack += contribution;
1057
1058	sumWeightsFront -= weight;
1059	sumContributionFront -= contribution;
1060
1061	Intersectable *object = rayInfo->GetObject();
1062	if (object) {
1063	if (!object->Mailed()) {
1064	object->Mail();
1065	currInfo.pvsBack++;
1066	}
1067	if (--object->mCounter == 0)
1068	{
1069	currInfo.pvsFront--;
1070	}
1071	}
1072
1073	#if EVAL_VIEWCELLS
1074	ViewCellContainer::const_iterator it = rayInfo->mRay->mViewCells.begin();
1075	for (; it != rayInfo->mRay->mViewCells.end(); ++it) {
1076	ViewCell viewcell = it;
1077	if (!viewcell->Mailed()) {
1078	viewcell->Mail();
1079	currInfo.viewCellsBack++;
1080	}
1081	if (--viewcell->mCounter == 0)
1082	{
1083	currInfo.viewCellsFront--;
1084	}
1085	}
1086	#endif
1087
1088	break;
1089	}
1090	}
1091
1092	float position = (*ci).value;
1093
1094	if (position > minBand && position < maxBand) {
1095	currInfo.position = position;
1096
1097
1098	if (sumWeightsBack!=0.0f)
1099	info.contributionBack = sumContributionBack/sumWeightsBack;
1100	else
1101	info.contributionBack = 0.0f;
1102
1103	if (sumWeightsFront!=0.0f)
1104	info.contributionFront = sumContributionFront/sumWeightsFront;
1105	else
1106	info.contributionFront = 0.0f;
1107
1108	GetCostRatio(
1109	leaf,
1110	currInfo);
1111
1112
1113	// cout<<"pos="<<(*ci).value<<"\t q=("<<ql<<","<<qr<<")\t r=("<<rl<<","<<rr<<")"<<endl;
1114	// cout<<"cost= "<<sum<<endl;
1115
1116	if (currInfo.costRatio < info.costRatio) {
1117	info = currInfo;
1118	}
1119	}
1120	}
1121
1122
1123	// cout<<"===================="<<endl;
1124	// cout<<"costRatio="<<ratio<<" pos="<<position<<" t="<<(position - minBox)/(maxBox - minBox)
1125	// <<"\t q=("<<queriesBack<<","<<queriesFront<<")\t r=("<<raysBack<<","<<raysFront<<")"<<endl;
1126	}
1127
1128	void
1129	RssTree::SortSubdivisionCandidates(
1130	RssTreeLeaf *node,
1131	const int axis
1132	)
1133	{
1134
1135	splitCandidates->clear();
1136
1137	int requestedSize = 2*(node->rays.size());
1138	// creates a sorted split candidates array
1139	if (splitCandidates->capacity() > 500000 &&
1140	requestedSize < (int)(splitCandidates->capacity()/10) ) {
1141
1142	delete splitCandidates;
1143	splitCandidates = new vector<SortableEntry>;
1144	}
1145
1146	splitCandidates->reserve(requestedSize);
1147
1148	// insert all queries
1149	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri = node->rays.begin();
1150	ri < node->rays.end();
1151	ri++) {
1152	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
1153	if (axis < 3) {
1154	splitCandidates->push_back(SortableEntry(SortableEntry::ERayMin,
1155	(*ri).GetOrigin(axis),
1156	(void )&(ri))
1157	);
1158	} else {
1159	float pos = (*ri).GetDirParametrization(axis-3);
1160	splitCandidates->push_back(SortableEntry(SortableEntry::ERayMin,
1161	pos,
1162	(void )&(ri))
1163	);
1164	}
1165	}
1166	}
1167
1168	stable_sort(splitCandidates->begin(), splitCandidates->end());
1169	}
1170
1171
1172	void
1173	RssTree::EvaluateLeafStats(const TraversalData &data)
1174	{
1175
1176	// the node became a leaf -> evaluate stats for leafs
1177	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )data.node;
1178
1179	if (data.depth >= termMaxDepth)
1180	stat.maxDepthNodes++;
1181
1182	// if ( (int)(leaf->rays.size()) < termMinCost)
1183	// stat.minCostNodes++;
1184	if ( leaf->GetPvsSize() <= termMinPvs)
1185	stat.minPvsNodes++;
1186
1187	if ( leaf->GetPvsSize() <= termMinRays)
1188	stat.minRaysNodes++;
1189
1190	if (leaf->GetAvgRayContribution() > termMaxRayContribution )
1191	stat.maxRayContribNodes++;
1192
1193	if (SqrMagnitude(data.bbox.Size()) <= termMinSize) {
1194	stat.minSizeNodes++;
1195	}
1196
1197	if ( (int)(leaf->rays.size()) > stat.maxRayRefs)
1198	stat.maxRayRefs = leaf->rays.size();
1199
1200	}
1201
1202	bool
1203	RssTree::TerminationCriteriaSatisfied(RssTreeLeaf *leaf)
1204	{
1205	return ( (leaf->GetPvsSize() <= termMinPvs) \|\|
1206	(leaf->rays.size() <= termMinRays) \|\|
1207	// (leaf->GetAvgRayContribution() > termMaxRayContribution ) \|\|
1208	(leaf->depth >= termMaxDepth) \|\|
1209	(SqrMagnitude(GetBBox(leaf).Size()) <= termMinSize)
1210	);
1211	}
1212
1213
1214	RssTreeNode *
1215	RssTree::SubdivideNode(
1216	RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
1217	const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
1218	AxisAlignedBox3 &backBBox,
1219	AxisAlignedBox3 &frontBBox
1220	)
1221	{
1222
1223	if (TerminationCriteriaSatisfied(leaf)) {
1224	#if 0
1225	if (leaf->depth >= termMaxDepth) {
1226	cout<<"Warning: max depth reached depth="<<(int)leaf->depth<<" rays="<<leaf->rays.size()<<endl;
1227	cout<<"Bbox: "<<GetBBox(leaf)<<" dirbbox:"<<GetDirBBox(leaf)<<endl;
1228	}
1229	#endif
1230
1231	return leaf;
1232	}
1233
1234	SplitInfo info;
1235
1236	// select subdivision axis
1237	int axis = SelectPlane( leaf,
1238	box,
1239	info
1240	);
1241	// Debug<<"axis="<<axis<<" depth="<<(int)leaf->depth<<" rb="<<raysBack<<" rf="<<raysFront<<" pvsb="<<pvsBack<<" pvsf="<<pvsFront<<endl;
1242
1243	if (axis == -1) {
1244	return leaf;
1245	}
1246
1247	stat.nodes+=2;
1248	stat.leaves += 1;
1249	stat.splits[axis]++;
1250
1251	// add the new nodes to the tree
1252	RssTreeInterior *node = new RssTreeInterior(leaf->parent);
1253
1254	node->axis = axis;
1255	node->position = info.position;
1256
1257	node->bbox = GetBBox(leaf);
1258	node->dirBBox = GetDirBBox(leaf);
1259
1260	RssTreeLeaf *back = new RssTreeLeaf(node, info.raysBack);
1261	RssTreeLeaf *front = new RssTreeLeaf(node, info.raysFront);
1262
1263
1264
1265	// replace a link from node's parent
1266	if ( leaf->parent )
1267	leaf->parent->ReplaceChildLink(leaf, node);
1268	// and setup child links
1269	node->SetupChildLinks(back, front);
1270
1271	back->bbox = leaf->bbox;
1272	front->bbox = leaf->bbox;
1273	back->dirBBox = leaf->dirBBox;
1274	front->dirBBox = leaf->dirBBox;
1275
1276	if (axis <= RssTreeNode::SPLIT_Z) {
1277	back->bbox.SetMax(axis, info.position);
1278	front->bbox.SetMin(axis, info.position);
1279	} else {
1280	back->dirBBox.SetMax(axis-3, info.position);
1281	front->dirBBox.SetMin(axis-3, info.position);
1282	}
1283
1284	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
1285	ri != leaf->rays.end();
1286	ri++) {
1287	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
1288
1289	// first unref ray from the former leaf
1290	(*ri).mRay->Unref();
1291
1292	// Debug << "computed t: " << (*ri).mRay->mT << endl;
1293	// determine the side of this ray with respect to the plane
1294	int side = node->ComputeRaySide(*ri);
1295
1296	if (side == 1)
1297	front->AddRay(*ri);
1298	else
1299	back->AddRay(*ri);
1300	} else
1301	(*ri).mRay->Unref();
1302	}
1303
1304	// distribute the total number of rays according to the distribution
1305	// of rays which remained
1306	// front->mTotalRays = front->rays.size()*leaf->mTotalRays/leaf->rays.size();
1307	// back->mTotalRays = back->rays.size()*leaf->mTotalRays/leaf->rays.size();
1308
1309	#if 0
1310	front->SetPvsSize(pvsFront);
1311	back->SetPvsSize(pvsBack);
1312	// compute entropy as well
1313	front->ComputeEntropyImportance();
1314	back->ComputeEntropyImportance();
1315	#else
1316	UpdatePvsSize(front);
1317	UpdatePvsSize(back);
1318	#endif
1319
1320
1321	// update stats
1322	stat.rayRefs -= (int)leaf->rays.size();
1323	stat.rayRefs += back->rays.size() + front->rays.size();
1324
1325
1326	delete leaf;
1327	return node;
1328	}
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335	int
1336	RssTree::ReleaseMemory(const int time)
1337	{
1338	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1339
1340	// find a node in the tree which subtree will be collapsed
1341	int maxAccessTime = time - accessTimeThreshold;
1342	int released;
1343
1344	PushRoots(tstack);
1345
1346	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1347	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1348	tstack.pop();
1349
1350
1351	if (!node->IsLeaf()) {
1352	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1353	// cout<<"depth="<<(int)in->depth<<" time="<<in->lastAccessTime<<endl;
1354	if (in->depth >= minCollapseDepth &&
1355	in->lastAccessTime <= maxAccessTime) {
1356	released = CollapseSubtree(node, time);
1357	break;
1358	}
1359
1360	if (in->back->GetAccessTime() <
1361	in->front->GetAccessTime()) {
1362	tstack.push(in->front);
1363	tstack.push(in->back);
1364	} else {
1365	tstack.push(in->back);
1366	tstack.push(in->front);
1367	}
1368	}
1369	}
1370
1371	while (tstack.empty()) {
1372	// could find node to collaps...
1373	// cout<<"Could not find a node to release "<<endl;
1374	break;
1375	}
1376
1377	return released;
1378	}
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383	RssTreeNode *
1384	RssTree::SubdivideLeaf(
1385	RssTreeLeaf *leaf
1386	)
1387	{
1388	RssTreeNode *node = leaf;
1389
1390	AxisAlignedBox3 leafBBox = GetBBox(leaf);
1391
1392	static int pass = 0;
1393	pass ++;
1394
1395	// check if we should perform a dynamic subdivision of the leaf
1396	if (!TerminationCriteriaSatisfied(leaf)) {
1397
1398	// memory check and realese...
1399	if (GetMemUsage() > maxTotalMemory) {
1400	ReleaseMemory( pass );
1401	}
1402
1403	AxisAlignedBox3 backBBox, frontBBox;
1404
1405	// subdivide the node
1406	node =
1407	SubdivideNode(leaf,
1408	leafBBox,
1409	backBBox,
1410	frontBBox
1411	);
1412	}
1413
1414	return node;
1415	}
1416
1417
1418
1419	void
1420	RssTree::UpdateRays(
1421	VssRayContainer &remove,
1422	VssRayContainer &add
1423	)
1424	{
1425	RssTreeLeaf::NewMail();
1426
1427	// schedule rays for removal
1428	for(VssRayContainer::const_iterator ri = remove.begin();
1429	ri != remove.end();
1430	ri++) {
1431	(*ri)->ScheduleForRemoval();
1432	}
1433
1434	int inactive=0;
1435	Debug<<"Deleting rays..."<<endl<<flush;
1436
1437	for(VssRayContainer::const_iterator ri = remove.begin();
1438	ri != remove.end();
1439	ri++) {
1440	if ((*ri)->ScheduledForRemoval())
1441	// RemoveRay(*ri, NULL, false);
1442	// !!! BUG - with true it does not work correctly - aggreated delete
1443	RemoveRay(*ri, NULL, true);
1444	else
1445	inactive++;
1446	}
1447
1448	Debug<<"done."<<endl<<flush;
1449
1450	// cout<<"all/inactive"<<remove.size()<<"/"<<inactive<<endl;
1451	Debug<<"Adding rays..."<<endl<<flush;
1452
1453	for(VssRayContainer::const_iterator ri = add.begin();
1454	ri != add.end();
1455	ri++) {
1456	RssTreeNode::RayInfo info(*ri);
1457	// if (mForcedBoundingBox==NULL \|\| ClipRay(info, bbox))
1458	AddRay(info);
1459	}
1460
1461	Debug<<"done."<<endl<<flush;
1462
1463	stat.rayRefs += add.size() - remove.size();
1464
1465	Debug<<"Updating statistics..."<<endl<<flush;
1466	UpdateTreeStatistics();
1467	Debug<<"done."<<endl<<flush;
1468
1469	// check whether the tree should be prunned
1470	if (stat.rayRefs > mMaxRays) {
1471	Debug<<"Prunning rays..."<<endl<<flush;
1472	PruneRays((int)(0.8f*mMaxRays));
1473	Debug<<"done."<<endl<<flush;
1474	// UpdateTreeStatistics();
1475	}
1476	}
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481	void
1482	RssTree::RemoveRay(VssRay *ray,
1483	vector<RssTreeLeaf > affectedLeaves,
1484	const bool removeAllScheduledRays
1485	)
1486	{
1487
1488	stack<RayTraversalData> tstack;
1489
1490	PushRoots(tstack, RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo(ray));
1491
1492	RayTraversalData data;
1493
1494	// cout<<"Number of ray refs = "<<ray->RefCount()<<endl;
1495
1496	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1497	data = tstack.top();
1498	tstack.pop();
1499
1500	if (!data.node->IsLeaf()) {
1501	// split the set of rays in two groups intersecting the
1502	// two subtrees
1503
1504	TraverseInternalNode(data, tstack);
1505
1506	} else {
1507	// remove the ray from the leaf
1508	// find the ray in the leaf and swap it with the last ray...
1509	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )data.node;
1510
1511	if (!leaf->Mailed()) {
1512	leaf->Mail();
1513	if (affectedLeaves)
1514	affectedLeaves->push_back(leaf);
1515
1516	if (removeAllScheduledRays) {
1517	int tail = (int)leaf->rays.size()-1;
1518
1519	for (int i=0; i < (int)(leaf->rays.size()); i++) {
1520	if (leaf->rays[i].mRay->ScheduledForRemoval()) {
1521	// find a ray to replace it with
1522	while (tail >= i && leaf->rays[tail].mRay->ScheduledForRemoval()) {
1523	stat.removedRayRefs++;
1524	leaf->rays[tail].mRay->Unref();
1525	leaf->rays.pop_back();
1526	tail--;
1527	}
1528
1529	if (tail < i)
1530	break;
1531
1532	stat.removedRayRefs++;
1533	leaf->rays[i].mRay->Unref();
1534	leaf->rays[i] = leaf->rays[tail];
1535	leaf->rays.pop_back();
1536	tail--;
1537	}
1538	}
1539	}
1540	}
1541
1542	if (!removeAllScheduledRays)
1543	for (int i=0; i < (int)leaf->rays.size(); i++) {
1544	if (leaf->rays[i].mRay == ray) {
1545	stat.removedRayRefs++;
1546	ray->Unref();
1547	leaf->rays[i] = leaf->rays[leaf->rays.size()-1];
1548	leaf->rays.pop_back();
1549	// check this ray again
1550	break;
1551	}
1552	}
1553
1554	}
1555	}
1556
1557	if (ray->RefCount() != 0) {
1558	cerr<<"Error: Number of remaining refs = "<<ray->RefCount()<<endl;
1559	exit(1);
1560	}
1561
1562	}
1563
1564
1565	void
1566	RssTree::AddRay(RssTreeNode::RayInfo &info)
1567	{
1568	if (EpsilonEqualV3(info.GetOrigin(), info.GetTermination(), Limits::Small))
1569	return;
1570
1571	stack<RayTraversalData> tstack;
1572
1573	RssTreeNode *root = GetRoot(info.GetSourceObject());
1574	tstack.push(RayTraversalData(root, info));
1575
1576	RayTraversalData data;
1577
1578
1579	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1580	data = tstack.top();
1581	tstack.pop();
1582
1583	if (!data.node->IsLeaf()) {
1584	TraverseInternalNode(data, tstack);
1585	} else {
1586	// remove the ray from the leaf
1587	// find the ray in the leaf and swap it with the last ray...
1588	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )data.node;
1589	leaf->AddRay(data.rayData);
1590	stat.addedRayRefs++;
1591	}
1592	}
1593	}
1594
1595	void
1596	RssTree::TraverseInternalNode(
1597	RayTraversalData &data,
1598	stack<RayTraversalData> &tstack)
1599	{
1600	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior ) data.node;
1601
1602	// determine the side of this ray with respect to the plane
1603	int side = in->ComputeRaySide(data.rayData
1604	);
1605
1606	if (side == 1)
1607	tstack.push(RayTraversalData(in->front, data.rayData));
1608	else
1609	tstack.push(RayTraversalData(in->back, data.rayData));
1610
1611	}
1612
1613
1614	int
1615	RssTree::CollapseSubtree(RssTreeNode *sroot, const int time)
1616	{
1617	// first count all rays in the subtree
1618	// use mail 1 for this purpose
1619	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1620	int rayCount = 0;
1621	int totalRayCount = 0;
1622	int collapsedNodes = 0;
1623
1624	#if DEBUG_COLLAPSE
1625	cout<<"Collapsing subtree"<<endl;
1626	cout<<"acessTime="<<sroot->GetAccessTime()<<endl;
1627	cout<<"depth="<<(int)sroot->depth<<endl;
1628	#endif
1629
1630	// tstat.collapsedSubtrees++;
1631	// tstat.collapseDepths += (int)sroot->depth;
1632	// tstat.collapseAccessTimes += time - sroot->GetAccessTime();
1633
1634	tstack.push(sroot);
1635	VssRay::NewMail();
1636
1637	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1638	collapsedNodes++;
1639	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1640	tstack.pop();
1641
1642	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1643	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf ) node;
1644	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
1645	ri != leaf->rays.end();
1646	ri++) {
1647
1648	totalRayCount++;
1649	if ((ri).mRay->IsActive() && !(ri).mRay->Mailed()) {
1650	(*ri).mRay->Mail();
1651	rayCount++;
1652	}
1653	}
1654	} else {
1655	tstack.push(((RssTreeInterior *)node)->back);
1656	tstack.push(((RssTreeInterior *)node)->front);
1657	}
1658	}
1659
1660	VssRay::NewMail();
1661
1662	// create a new node that will hold the rays
1663	RssTreeLeaf *newLeaf = new RssTreeLeaf( sroot->parent, rayCount );
1664	if ( newLeaf->parent )
1665	newLeaf->parent->ReplaceChildLink(sroot, newLeaf);
1666
1667
1668	tstack.push( sroot );
1669
1670	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1671
1672	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1673	tstack.pop();
1674
1675	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1676	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf ) node;
1677
1678	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
1679	ri != leaf->rays.end();
1680	ri++) {
1681
1682	// unref this ray from the old node
1683
1684	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
1685	(*ri).mRay->Unref();
1686	if (!(*ri).mRay->Mailed()) {
1687	(*ri).mRay->Mail();
1688	newLeaf->AddRay(*ri);
1689	}
1690	} else
1691	(*ri).mRay->Unref();
1692
1693	}
1694	} else {
1695	tstack.push(((RssTreeInterior *)node)->back);
1696	tstack.push(((RssTreeInterior *)node)->front);
1697	}
1698	}
1699
1700	// delete the node and all its children
1701	delete sroot;
1702
1703	// for(RssTreeNode::SRayContainer::iterator ri = newLeaf->rays.begin();
1704	// ri != newLeaf->rays.end();
1705	// ri++)
1706	// (*ri).ray->UnMail(2);
1707
1708
1709	#if DEBUG_COLLAPSE
1710	cout<<"Total memory before="<<GetMemUsage()<<endl;
1711	#endif
1712
1713	stat.nodes -= collapsedNodes - 1;
1714	stat.leaves -= collapsedNodes/2 - 1;
1715	stat.rayRefs -= totalRayCount - rayCount;
1716
1717	#if DEBUG_COLLAPSE
1718	cout<<"collapsed nodes"<<collapsedNodes<<endl;
1719	cout<<"collapsed rays"<<totalRayCount - rayCount<<endl;
1720	cout<<"Total memory after="<<GetMemUsage()<<endl;
1721	cout<<"================================"<<endl;
1722	#endif
1723
1724	// tstat.collapsedNodes += collapsedNodes;
1725	// tstat.collapsedRays += totalRayCount - rayCount;
1726
1727	return totalRayCount - rayCount;
1728	}
1729
1730
1731	int
1732	RssTree::GetPvsSize(const AxisAlignedBox3 &box) const
1733	{
1734	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1735	PushRoots(tstack);
1736
1737	Intersectable::NewMail();
1738	int pvsSize = 0;
1739
1740	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1741	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1742	tstack.pop();
1743
1744
1745	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1746	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
1747	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
1748	ri != leaf->rays.end();
1749	ri++)
1750	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
1751	Intersectable *object;
1752	object = (*ri).GetObject();
1753	if (object && !object->Mailed()) {
1754	pvsSize++;
1755	object->Mail();
1756	}
1757	}
1758	} else {
1759	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1760	if (in->axis < 3) {
1761	if (box.Max(in->axis) >= in->position )
1762	tstack.push(in->front);
1763
1764	if (box.Min(in->axis) <= in->position )
1765	tstack.push(in->back);
1766	} else {
1767	// both nodes for directional splits
1768	tstack.push(in->front);
1769	tstack.push(in->back);
1770	}
1771	}
1772	}
1773	return pvsSize;
1774	}
1775
1776	int
1777	RssTree::CollectPvs(const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
1778	ObjectContainer &pvs
1779	) const
1780	{
1781	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1782	PushRoots(tstack);
1783
1784	Intersectable::NewMail();
1785
1786	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1787	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1788	tstack.pop();
1789
1790
1791	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1792	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
1793	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
1794	ri != leaf->rays.end();
1795	ri++)
1796	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
1797	Intersectable *object;
1798	object = (*ri).GetObject();
1799	if (object && !object->Mailed()) {
1800	pvs.push_back(object);
1801	object->Mail();
1802	}
1803	}
1804	} else {
1805	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1806	if (in->axis < 3) {
1807	if (box.Max(in->axis) >= in->position )
1808	tstack.push(in->front);
1809
1810	if (box.Min(in->axis) <= in->position )
1811	tstack.push(in->back);
1812	} else {
1813	// both nodes for directional splits
1814	tstack.push(in->front);
1815	tstack.push(in->back);
1816	}
1817	}
1818	}
1819	return pvs.size();
1820	}
1821
1822	void
1823	RssTree::UpdateTreeStatistics()
1824	{
1825	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++)
1826	UpdateImportance(mRoots[i]);
1827
1828	#if 0
1829	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1830
1831	float sumPvsSize = 0.0f;
1832	float sumRayContribution = 0.0f;
1833	float sumWeightedRayContribution = 0.0f;
1834	float sumImportance = 0.0f;
1835	float sumPvsEntropy = 0.0f;
1836	float sumRayLengthEntropy = 0.0f;
1837	float sumRays = 0.0f;
1838
1839	int leaves = 0;
1840
1841
1842	PushRoots(tstack);
1843
1844	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1845	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1846	tstack.pop();
1847
1848	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1849	leaves++;
1850	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
1851	// updated above already
1852	// UpdatePvsSize(leaf);
1853
1854	sumPvsSize += leaf->GetPvsSize();
1855	sumRayContribution += leaf->GetAvgRayContribution();
1856
1857
1858	RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it = leaf->rays.begin();
1859	for (;it != leaf->rays.end(); ++it) {
1860	float weight, contribution;
1861	GetRayContribution(*it, weight, contribution);
1862	sumWeightedRayContribution += weight*contribution;
1863	}
1864
1865	// sumPvsEntropy += leaf->mPvsEntropy;
1866	// sumRayLengthEntropy += leaf->mRayLengthEntropy;
1867	sumRays += leaf->rays.size();
1868
1869	float imp = leaf->GetImportance();
1870
1871	// if (imp > 1.0f)
1872	// cout<<"warning imp > 1.0f:"<<imp<<endl;
1873
1874	sumImportance += imp;
1875
1876	} else {
1877	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1878	tstack.push(in->front);
1879	tstack.push(in->back);
1880	}
1881	}
1882
1883	stat.avgPvsSize = sumPvsSize/(float)leaves;
1884	stat.avgRays = sumRays/(float)leaves;
1885	stat.avgRayContribution = sumRayContribution/(float)leaves;
1886	// avgPvsEntropy = sumPvsEntropy/(float)leaves;
1887	// avgRayLengthEntropy = sumRayLengthEntropy/(float)leaves;
1888	stat.avgImportance = sumImportance/(float)leaves;
1889	stat.avgWeightedRayContribution = sumWeightedRayContribution/(float)sumRays;
1890	stat.rayRefs = (int)sumRays;
1891	#endif
1892
1893	}
1894
1895	void
1896	RssTree::UpdateImportance(
1897	RssTreeNode *node)
1898	{
1899	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1900	UpdatePvsSize((RssTreeLeaf *)node);
1901	} else {
1902	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1903	UpdateImportance(in->front);
1904	UpdateImportance(in->back);
1905	node->mImportance = in->front->mImportance + in->back->mImportance;
1906	}
1907	}
1908
1909	// generate a single ray described by parameters in a unit cube
1910	void
1911	RssTree::GenerateRay(float *params, SimpleRayContainer &rays)
1912	{
1913	RssTreeNode *node;
1914
1915	// works only with single root now!
1916	node = mRoots[0];
1917	while (!node->IsLeaf()) {
1918	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1919	// decide whether to go left or right
1920	int axis = in->axis;
1921	// float p = in->GetRelativePosition();
1922	float p = in->back->GetImportance()/(in->back->GetImportance() + in->front->GetImportance());
1923
1924	// cout<<"p = "<<p<<endl;
1925	// cout<<"axis="<<axis<<" pos="<<pos<<endl;
1926	// cout<<GetBBox(in)<<endl;
1927	// cout<<GetDirBBox(in)<<endl;
1928	// cout<<"********"<<endl;
1929
1930	if (params[axis] < p) {
1931	node = in->back;
1932	if (p > Limits::Small)
1933	params[axis] = params[axis] / p;
1934	} else {
1935	node = in->front;
1936	if (p < 1.0f - Limits::Small)
1937	params[axis] = (params[axis] - p) / (1.0f - p);
1938	}
1939	}
1940
1941	// cout<<params[0]<<" "<<params[1]<<" "<<params[2]<<" "<<params[3]<<" "<<params[4]<<endl;
1942
1943	GenerateLeafRay(params, rays, node->bbox, node->dirBBox);
1944	}
1945
1946	int
1947	RssTree::GenerateRays(
1948	const float ratioPerLeaf,
1949	SimpleRayContainer &rays)
1950	{
1951
1952	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1953	PushRoots(tstack);
1954
1955	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1956	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1957	tstack.pop();
1958
1959	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1960	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
1961	float c = leaf->GetImportance();
1962	int num = int(c*ratioPerLeaf + 0.5f);
1963	// cout<<num<<" ";
1964
1965	for (int i=0; i < num; i++) {
1966	Vector3 origin = GetBBox(leaf).GetRandomPoint();
1967	Vector3 dirVector = GetDirBBox(leaf).GetRandomPoint();
1968	Vector3 direction = VssRay::GetDirection(dirVector.x, dirVector.y);
1969	//cout<<"dir vector.x="<<dirVector.x<<"direction'.x="<<atan2(direction.x, direction.y)<<endl;
1970	rays.push_back(SimpleRay(origin,
1971	direction,
1972	SamplingStrategy::RSS_BASED_DISTRIBUTION,
1973	1.0f
1974	));
1975	}
1976	} else {
1977	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
1978	// both nodes for directional splits
1979	tstack.push(in->front);
1980	tstack.push(in->back);
1981	}
1982	}
1983
1984	return (int)rays.size();
1985	}
1986
1987	void
1988	RssTree::CollectLeaves(vector<RssTreeLeaf *> &leaves)
1989	{
1990	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
1991	PushRoots(tstack);
1992
1993	while (!tstack.empty()) {
1994	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
1995	tstack.pop();
1996
1997	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
1998	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
1999	leaves.push_back(leaf);
2000	} else {
2001	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
2002	// both nodes for directional splits
2003	tstack.push(in->front);
2004	tstack.push(in->back);
2005	}
2006	}
2007	}
2008
2009	bool
2010	RssTree::ValidLeaf(RssTreeLeaf *leaf) const
2011	{
2012	return true;
2013	//return leaf->rays.size() > termMinRays/4;
2014	}
2015
2016
2017	void
2018	RssTree::PickEdgeRays(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2019	int &r1,
2020	int &r2
2021	)
2022	{
2023	int nrays = leaf->rays.size();
2024
2025	if (nrays == 2) {
2026	r1 = 0;
2027	r2 = 1;
2028	return;
2029	}
2030
2031	#if 1
2032	int tries = min(20, nrays);
2033
2034	while (--tries) {
2035	r1 = Random(nrays);
2036	r2 = Random(nrays);
2037	if (leaf->rays[r1].GetObject() != leaf->rays[r2].GetObject())
2038	break;
2039	}
2040
2041	if (r1 == r2)
2042	r2 = (r1+1)%leaf->rays.size();
2043
2044	#else
2045	// pick a random ray
2046	int base = Random(nrays);
2047	RssTreeNode::RayInfo *baseRay = &leaf->rays[base];
2048	Intersectable *baseObject = baseRay->GetObject();
2049
2050	// and a random 5D derivative which will be used to find the minimal projected distances
2051	Vector3 spatialDerivative;
2052	Vector3 directionalDerivative;
2053
2054	while (1) {
2055	spatialDerivative = Vector3(RandomValue(-1.0f, 1.0f),
2056	RandomValue(-1.0f, 1.0f),
2057	RandomValue(-1.0f, 1.0f));
2058	float m = Magnitude(spatialDerivative);
2059	if (m != 0) {
2060	spatialDerivative /= m*Magnitude(GetBBox(leaf).Size());
2061	break;
2062	}
2063	}
2064
2065	while (1) {
2066	directionalDerivative = Vector3(RandomValue(-1.0f, 1.0f),
2067	RandomValue(-1.0f, 1.0f),
2068	0.0f);
2069	float m = Magnitude(directionalDerivative);
2070	if (m != 0) {
2071	directionalDerivative /= m*Magnitude(GetDirBBox(leaf).Size());
2072	break;
2073	}
2074	}
2075
2076	// now find the furthest sample from the same object and the closest from a different object
2077	int i = 0;
2078	float minDist = MAX_FLOAT;
2079	float maxDist = -MAX_FLOAT;
2080	r1 = base;
2081	r2 = base;
2082	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
2083	ri != leaf->rays.end();
2084	ri++, i++) {
2085	float dist = RssTreeNode::RayInfo::SqrDistance5D(*baseRay,
2086	*ri,
2087	spatialDerivative,
2088	directionalDerivative
2089	);
2090
2091	if ((*ri).GetObject() == baseObject) {
2092	if (dist > maxDist) {
2093	maxDist = dist;
2094	r1 = i;
2095	}
2096	} else {
2097	if (dist > 0.0f && dist < minDist) {
2098	minDist = dist;
2099	r2 = i;
2100	}
2101	}
2102	}
2103
2104	#endif
2105	}
2106
2107
2108	struct RayNeighbor {
2109	int rayInfo;
2110	float distance;
2111	RayNeighbor():rayInfo(0), distance(MAX_FLOAT) {}
2112	};
2113
2114	void
2115	RssTree::FindSilhouetteRays(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2116	vector<RssTreeLeaf::SilhouetteRays> &rays
2117	)
2118	{
2119	// for every leaf find its neares neighbor from a different object
2120	vector<RayNeighbor> neighbors(leaf->rays.size());
2121	int i, j;
2122	for (i=0; i < leaf->rays.size(); i++)
2123	for (j=0; j < leaf->rays.size(); j++)
2124	if (i!=j) {
2125	float d = RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo::Distance(leaf->rays[i], leaf->rays[j]);
2126	if (d < neighbors[i].distance) {
2127	neighbors[i].distance = d;
2128	neighbors[i].rayInfo = j;
2129	}
2130	}
2131
2132	// now check which are the pairs of nearest neighbors
2133	for (i=0; i < leaf->rays.size(); i++) {
2134	int j = neighbors[i].rayInfo;
2135	if (neighbors[j].rayInfo == i) {
2136	// this is a silhouette edge pair
2137	if (i < j) {
2138	// generate an silhoutte ray pair
2139	rays.push_back(RssTreeLeaf::SilhouetteRays(&leaf->rays[i],
2140	&leaf->rays[j]));
2141	}
2142	} else {
2143	// this is not a silhouette ray - delete???
2144	}
2145	}
2146
2147	}
2148
2149
2150	bool
2151	GetRandomTripple(vector<RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo *> &rays,
2152	const int index,
2153	int &i1,
2154	int &i2,
2155	int &i3)
2156	{
2157	int found = 0;
2158	int indices[3];
2159
2160	int size = rays.size();
2161	// use russian roulete selection for the tripple
2162	// number of free positions for the bullet
2163	int positions = size - 1;
2164	int i;
2165	for (i=0; i < size; i++) {
2166	if (rays[i]->mRay->Mailed())
2167	positions--;
2168	}
2169
2170	if (positions < 3)
2171	return false;
2172
2173	for (i=0; i < size; i++) {
2174	if (i != index && !rays[i]->mRay->Mailed()) {
2175	float p = (3 - found)/(float)positions;
2176	if (Random(1.0f) < p) {
2177	indices[found] = i;
2178	found++;
2179	}
2180	}
2181	positions--;
2182	}
2183	return true; // corr. matt
2184	}
2185
2186	bool
2187	RssTree::IsRayConvexCombination(const RssTreeNode::RayInfo &ray,
2188	const RssTreeNode::RayInfo &r1,
2189	const RssTreeNode::RayInfo &r2,
2190	const RssTreeNode::RayInfo &r3)
2191	{
2192
2193
2194	return false;
2195	}
2196
2197	int
2198	RssTree::RemoveInteriorRays(
2199	RssTreeLeaf *leaf
2200	)
2201	{
2202	#if 1
2203	// first collect all objects refered in this leaf
2204	map<Intersectable , vector<RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo > > rayMap;
2205
2206	RssTreeLeaf::RayInfoContainer::iterator it = leaf->rays.begin();
2207	for (; it != leaf->rays.end(); ++it) {
2208	Intersectable object = (it).GetObject();
2209
2210	rayMap[object].push_back(&(*it));
2211	// vector<RayInfo > data = rayMap.Find(object);
2212	// if (data) {
2213	// data->push_back(&(*it));
2214	// } else {
2215	// // rayMap[object] = vector<RayInfo *>;
2216	// rayMap[object].push_back(&(*it));
2217	// }
2218	}
2219
2220	// now go through all objects
2221	map<Intersectable , vector<RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo > >::iterator mi;
2222
2223	// infos of mailed rays are scheduled for removal
2224	VssRay::NewMail();
2225	for (mi = rayMap.begin(); mi != rayMap.end(); ++ mi) {
2226	vector<RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo > &rays = (mi).second;
2227	vector<RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo *>::iterator ri = rays.begin();
2228	int rayIndex = 0;
2229
2230	for (; ri != rays.end(); ++ri, ++rayIndex) {
2231	RssTreeNode::RayInfo ray = ri;
2232	int tries = rays.size();
2233	for (int i = 0; i < tries; i++) {
2234	int r1, r2, r3;
2235	GetRandomTripple(rays,
2236	rayIndex,
2237	r1,
2238	r2,
2239	r3);
2240	if (IsRayConvexCombination(*ray,
2241	*rays[r1],
2242	*rays[r2],
2243	*rays[r3])) {
2244	ray->mRay->Mail();
2245	}
2246	}
2247	}
2248	}
2249
2250
2251	#endif
2252	return 0;
2253	}
2254
2255
2256	void
2257	RssTree::GenerateLeafRaysSimple(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2258	const int numberOfRays,
2259	SimpleRayContainer &rays)
2260	{
2261
2262	if (numberOfRays == 0)
2263	return;
2264
2265	int startIndex = (int)rays.size();
2266	// Debug<<"B"<<flush;
2267
2268	AxisAlignedBox3 box = GetBBox(leaf);
2269	AxisAlignedBox3 dirBox = GetDirBBox(leaf);
2270
2271	float boxSize = Magnitude(box.Diagonal());
2272
2273	const float smoothRange = 0.1f;
2274	if (smoothRange != 0.0f) {
2275	box.Scale(1.0f + smoothRange);
2276	dirBox.Scale(1.0f + smoothRange);
2277	}
2278
2279	// Debug<<"R"<<flush;
2280
2281	for (int i=0; i < numberOfRays; i++) {
2282	// Debug<<i<<flush;
2283	float r[5];
2284
2285	r[0] = RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f);
2286	r[1] = RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f);
2287	r[2] = RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f);
2288	r[3] = RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f);
2289	r[4] = RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f);
2290
2291	GenerateLeafRay(r, rays, box, dirBox);
2292	}
2293
2294	// Debug<<"D"<<flush;
2295
2296	float density = 1.0f;
2297	float p = 1.0f/density; //(box.GetVolume()*dirBox.GetVolume())/i;
2298	for (int i=startIndex; i < rays.size(); i++) {
2299	rays[i].mPdf = p;
2300	}
2301	}
2302
2303	void
2304	RssTree::GenerateLeafRay(
2305	float *params,
2306	SimpleRayContainer &rays,
2307	const AxisAlignedBox3 &sbox,
2308	const AxisAlignedBox3 &sDirBBox
2309	)
2310	{
2311	Vector3 origin = sbox.GetPoint(Vector3(params[0], params[1], params[2]));
2312	Vector3 dirVector = sDirBBox.GetPoint(Vector3(params[3], params[4], 0.0f));
2313	Vector3 direction = VssRay::GetInvDirParam(dirVector.x, dirVector.y);
2314
2315	// float dist = Min(avgLength*0.5f, Magnitude(GetBBox(leaf).Size()));
2316	float dist = 0.0f;
2317	float minT, maxT;
2318
2319	// compute interection of the ray with the box
2320	#if 1
2321	if (sbox.ComputeMinMaxT(origin, direction, &minT, &maxT) && minT < maxT)
2322	dist = (maxT + Limits::Small);
2323	#else
2324	float boxSize = Magnitude(sbox.Size());
2325	dist = 0.5f*boxSize;
2326	#endif
2327
2328	origin += direction*dist;
2329
2330	//Debug<<"dir vector.x="<<dirVector.x<<"direction'.x="<<atan2(direction.x, direction.y)<<endl;
2331	rays.push_back(SimpleRay(origin,
2332	direction,
2333	SamplingStrategy::RSS_BASED_DISTRIBUTION,
2334	1.0f
2335	));
2336	}
2337
2338	void
2339	RssTree::GenerateLeafRays(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2340	const int numberOfRays,
2341	SimpleRayContainer &rays)
2342	{
2343
2344	if (numberOfRays == 0)
2345	return;
2346
2347
2348	int nrays = (int)leaf->rays.size();
2349	int startIndex = (int)rays.size();
2350
2351	AxisAlignedBox3 box = GetBBox(leaf);
2352	AxisAlignedBox3 dirBox = GetDirBBox(leaf);
2353
2354
2355	const float smoothRange = 0.1f;
2356	if (smoothRange != 0.0f) {
2357	box.Scale(1.0f + smoothRange);
2358	dirBox.Scale(1.0f + smoothRange);
2359	}
2360
2361	Exporter *exporter = NULL;
2362	VssRayContainer selectedRays;
2363	static int counter = 0;
2364	if (counter < 0) {
2365	char filename[128];
2366	sprintf(filename, "selected-rays%04d.x3d", counter);
2367	exporter = Exporter::GetExporter(filename);
2368	// exporter->SetWireframe();
2369	// exporter->ExportKdTree(*mKdTree);
2370	exporter->SetWireframe();
2371	// exporter->ExportScene(preprocessor->mSceneGraph->GetRoot());
2372	exporter->SetWireframe();
2373	exporter->ExportBox(box);
2374	exporter->SetFilled();
2375	counter++;
2376	}
2377
2378
2379	float extendedConvexCombinationProb = 0.0f; //0.7f
2380	// float silhouetteCheckPercentage = 1.0f; //0.5f
2381	float silhouetteCheckPercentage = 0.0f; //0.9f; // 0.5f;
2382	float silhouetteObjectCheckPercentage = 0.8f;
2383
2384	// int numberOfTries = numberOfRays*4;
2385	int numberOfTries = numberOfRays;
2386	int generated = 0;
2387
2388	vector<Intersectable *> pvs(0);
2389	if (silhouetteCheckPercentage != 0.0f) {
2390	Intersectable::NewMail();
2391	pvs.reserve(leaf->GetPvsSize());
2392	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
2393	ri != leaf->rays.end();
2394	ri++) {
2395	Intersectable object = (ri).GetObject();
2396	if (object) {
2397	if (!object->Mailed()) {
2398	object->Mail();
2399
2400	object->mCounter = 1;
2401	pvs.push_back(object);
2402	if (exporter)
2403	exporter->ExportIntersectable(object);
2404	} else {
2405	object->mCounter++;
2406	}
2407	}
2408	}
2409	// sort objects based on their mCounter
2410	sort(pvs.begin(), pvs.end(), Intersectable::GreaterCounter);
2411	}
2412
2413	for (int i=0; generated < numberOfRays && i < numberOfTries; i++) {
2414	bool useExtendedConvexCombination = ((nrays >= 2) && (Random(1.0f) <
2415	extendedConvexCombinationProb));
2416
2417	Vector3 origin, direction;
2418	// generate half of convex combination and half of random rays
2419	if (useExtendedConvexCombination) {
2420	// pickup 2 random rays
2421	int r1, r2;
2422	PickEdgeRays(leaf, r1, r2);
2423
2424
2425	Vector3 o1 = leaf->rays[r1].GetOrigin();
2426	Vector3 o2 = leaf->rays[r2].GetOrigin();
2427
2428	const float overlap = 0.0f;
2429	float w1, w2;
2430	GenerateExtendedConvexCombinationWeights2(w1, w2, overlap);
2431	origin = w1o1 + w2o2;
2432	GenerateExtendedConvexCombinationWeights2(w1, w2, overlap);
2433	direction =
2434	w1*leaf->rays[r1].GetDir() +
2435	w2*leaf->rays[r2].GetDir();
2436
2437	// shift the origin a little bit
2438	direction.Normalize();
2439
2440	} else {
2441	Vector3 dirVector;
2442
2443	Vector3 pVector;
2444	Vector3 dVector;
2445
2446	pVector = Vector3(RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f),
2447	RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f),
2448	RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f));
2449
2450	dVector = Vector3(RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f),
2451	RandomValue(0.0f, 1.0f),
2452	0.0f);
2453
2454
2455	origin = box.GetPoint(pVector);
2456	dirVector = dirBox.GetPoint(dVector);
2457
2458	direction = VssRay::GetInvDirParam(dirVector.x,dirVector.y);
2459	}
2460
2461
2462	// float dist = Min(avgLength*0.5f, Magnitude(GetBBox(leaf).Size()));
2463	float dist = 0.0f;
2464	float minT, maxT;
2465	// compute interection of the ray with the box
2466
2467	if (box.ComputeMinMaxT(origin, direction, &minT, &maxT) && minT < maxT)
2468	dist = maxT;
2469
2470
2471	origin += direction*dist;
2472
2473	bool intersects = false;
2474
2475	if (i >= numberOfRays*(1.0f - silhouetteCheckPercentage)) {
2476	if (exporter) {
2477	VssRay ray = new VssRay(origin, origin + 100direction, NULL, NULL);
2478	selectedRays.push_back(ray);
2479	}
2480
2481	// check whether the ray does not intersect already visible objects
2482	Ray traversalRay;
2483	traversalRay.Init(origin, direction, Ray::LOCAL_RAY);
2484	for(vector<Intersectable *>::const_iterator oi = pvs.begin();
2485	oi != pvs.end();
2486	oi++) {
2487	Intersectable object = oi;
2488	// do not test every object
2489	if ( Random(1.0f) <= silhouetteObjectCheckPercentage &&
2490	object->CastRay(traversalRay) ) {
2491	intersects = true;
2492	break;
2493	}
2494	}
2495	}
2496
2497
2498	if (!intersects) {
2499	//cout<<"dir vector.x="<<dirVector.x<<"direction'.x="<<atan2(direction.x, direction.y)<<endl;
2500	rays.push_back(SimpleRay(origin,
2501	direction,
2502	SamplingStrategy::RSS_BASED_DISTRIBUTION,
2503	1.0f
2504	));
2505	generated++;
2506	}
2507	}
2508
2509	// cout<<"desired="<<numberOfRays<<" tries="<<i<<endl;
2510	// assign pdfs to the generated rays
2511	// float density = generated/(box.SurfaceArea()*dirBox.GetVolume());
2512	float density = 1.0f;
2513
2514	float p = 1.0f/density; //(box.GetVolume()*dirBox.GetVolume())/i;
2515	for (int i=startIndex; i < rays.size(); i++) {
2516	rays[i].mPdf = p;
2517	}
2518
2519
2520	if (exporter) {
2521	exporter->ExportRays(selectedRays, RgbColor(1, 0, 0));
2522	delete exporter;
2523	CLEAR_CONTAINER(selectedRays);
2524	}
2525
2526	}
2527
2528	int
2529	RssTree::PruneRaysRandom(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2530	const float ratio)
2531	{
2532	int i;
2533	int j;
2534
2535	for (j=0, i=0; i < leaf->rays.size(); i++) {
2536	if (Random(1.0f) < ratio) {
2537	// copy a valid sample
2538	if (i!=j)
2539	leaf->rays[j] = leaf->rays[i];
2540	j++;
2541	} else {
2542	// delete the ray
2543	leaf->rays[i].mRay->Unref();
2544	if (leaf->rays[i].mRay->RefCount() != 0) {
2545	cerr<<"Error: refcount!=0, but"<<leaf->rays[j].mRay->RefCount()<<endl;
2546	exit(1);
2547	}
2548	delete leaf->rays[i].mRay;
2549	}
2550	}
2551
2552
2553	leaf->rays.resize(j);
2554	int removed = (i-j);
2555	stat.rayRefs -= removed;
2556	return removed;
2557	}
2558
2559	int
2560	RssTree::PruneRaysContribution(RssTreeLeaf *leaf,
2561	const float ratio)
2562	{
2563	int i;
2564
2565	if (leaf->rays.size() == 0)
2566	return 0;
2567
2568	sort(leaf->rays.begin(),
2569	leaf->rays.end(),
2570	RssTreeLeaf::RayInfo::GreaterWeightedPvsContribution);
2571
2572	int desired = int(ratio*leaf->rays.size());
2573	int removed = (int)leaf->rays.size() - desired;
2574
2575	for (i=desired; i < (int)leaf->rays.size(); i++) {
2576	// delete the ray
2577	leaf->rays[i].mRay->Unref();
2578	if (leaf->rays[i].mRay->RefCount() != 0) {
2579	cerr<<"Error: refcount!=0, but"<<leaf->rays[i].mRay->RefCount()<<endl;
2580	cerr<<"desired="<<desired<<"i="<<i<<" size="<<(int)leaf->rays.size()<<endl;
2581	exit(1);
2582	}
2583	delete leaf->rays[i].mRay;
2584	}
2585
2586	leaf->rays.resize(desired);
2587	stat.rayRefs -= removed;
2588	return removed;
2589	}
2590
2591
2592	int
2593	RssTree::PruneRays(
2594	const int maxRays
2595	)
2596	{
2597
2598	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
2599	int prunned = 0;
2600
2601	// prune more rays to amortize the procedure
2602	int desired = (int)(maxRays * 0.8f);
2603
2604	Debug<<"Prunning rays...\nOriginal size "<<stat.rayRefs<<endl<<flush;
2605
2606	// prune random rays from each leaf so that the ratio's remain the same
2607	PushRoots(tstack);
2608
2609	if ( maxRays >= stat.rayRefs )
2610	return 0;
2611
2612	float ratio = desired/(float)stat.rayRefs;
2613
2614	while (!tstack.empty()) {
2615	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
2616	tstack.pop();
2617
2618	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
2619	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
2620	//prunned += PruneRaysRandom(leaf, ratio);
2621	prunned += PruneRaysContribution(leaf, ratio);
2622	} else {
2623	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
2624	// both nodes for directional splits
2625	tstack.push(in->front);
2626	tstack.push(in->back);
2627	}
2628	}
2629
2630	Debug<<"Remained "<<stat.rayRefs<<" rays"<<endl<<flush;
2631
2632	return prunned;
2633	}
2634
2635	int
2636	RssTree::GenerateRays(const int numberOfRays,
2637	const int numberOfLeaves,
2638	SimpleRayContainer &rays)
2639	{
2640
2641	float param[5];
2642
2643	for (int i=0; i < numberOfRays; i++) {
2644	mHalton.GetNext(5, param);
2645	GenerateRay(param, rays);
2646	}
2647
2648	return rays.size();
2649
2650	}
2651
2652
2653	float
2654	RssTree::GetAvgPvsSize()
2655	{
2656	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
2657	PushRoots(tstack);
2658
2659	int sumPvs = 0;
2660	int leaves = 0;
2661	while (!tstack.empty()) {
2662	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
2663	tstack.pop();
2664
2665	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
2666	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
2667	// update pvs size
2668	UpdatePvsSize(leaf);
2669	sumPvs += leaf->GetPvsSize();
2670	leaves++;
2671	} else {
2672	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
2673	// both nodes for directional splits
2674	tstack.push(in->front);
2675	tstack.push(in->back);
2676	}
2677	}
2678
2679
2680	return sumPvs/(float)leaves;
2681	}
2682
2683	float weightAbsContributions = ABS_CONTRIBUTION_WEIGHT;
2684	// if small very high importance of the last sample
2685	// if 1.0f then weighs = 1 1/2 1/3 1/4
2686	float passSampleWeightDecay = 2.0f;
2687	//float passSampleWeightDecay = 1000.0f;
2688
2689	float
2690	RssTree::GetSampleWeight(const int pass)
2691	{
2692	int passDiff = mCurrentPass - pass;
2693	if (passDiff < 0) {
2694	cerr<<"Error: passdif < 0"<<passDiff<<endl;
2695	exit(1);
2696	}
2697	float weight;
2698	if (1)
2699	weight = 1.0f/(passDiff + passSampleWeightDecay);
2700	else
2701	switch (passDiff) {
2702	case 0:
2703	// weight = 1.0f;
2704	// break;
2705	default:
2706	weight = 1.0f;
2707	break;
2708	// case 1:
2709	// weight = 0.5f;
2710	// break;
2711	// case 2:
2712	// weight = 0.25f;
2713	// break;
2714	// case 3:
2715	// weight = 0.12f;
2716	// break;
2717	// case 4:
2718	// weight = 0.06f;
2719	// break;
2720	// default:
2721	// weight = 0.03f;
2722	// break;
2723	}
2724	return weight;
2725	}
2726
2727	void
2728	RssTree::GetRayContribution(const RssTreeNode::RayInfo &info,
2729	float &weight,
2730	float &contribution)
2731	{
2732	VssRay *ray = info.mRay;
2733	weight = GetSampleWeight(mCurrentPass);
2734	contribution =
2735	weightAbsContributions*ray->mPvsContribution +
2736	(1.0f - weightAbsContributions)*ray->mRelativePvsContribution;
2737	// store the computed value
2738	info.mRay->mWeightedPvsContribution = weight*contribution;
2739	}
2740
2741
2742	void
2743	RssTree::ComputeImportance(RssTreeLeaf *leaf)
2744	{
2745	#if 0
2746	if (leaf->mTotalRays)
2747	leaf->mImportance = leaf->mTotalContribution / leaf->mTotalRays;
2748	else
2749	leaf->mImportance = Limits::Small;
2750	return;
2751	#endif
2752
2753	if (0)
2754	leaf->mImportance = leaf->GetAvgRayContribution();
2755	else {
2756	RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it = leaf->rays.begin(),
2757	it_end = leaf->rays.end();
2758
2759	float sumContributions = 0.0f;
2760	float sumRelContributions = 0.0f;
2761	float sumWeights = 0.0f;
2762	float maxContribution = 0.0f;
2763	float maxRelContribution = 0.0f;
2764	float sumLength = 0;
2765
2766	for (; it != it_end; ++it) {
2767	VssRay ray = (it).mRay;
2768	float sumLength = ray->Length();
2769
2770	float weight = GetSampleWeight(ray->mPass);
2771
2772	float c1 = weight*ray->mPvsContribution;
2773	float c2 = weight*ray->mRelativePvsContribution;
2774
2775	sumContributions += c1;
2776	if (c1 > maxContribution)
2777	maxContribution = c1;
2778
2779	//$$ 20.7. changed to sqr to pronouce higher contribution so that
2780	// they do not get smoothed!!
2781	//sumRelContributions += weight*ray->mRelativePvsContribution;
2782
2783	sumRelContributions += c2;
2784	if (c2 > maxRelContribution)
2785	maxRelContribution = c2;
2786
2787	//sumWeights += weight;
2788	sumWeights += 1.0f;
2789	}
2790
2791	float distImportance = 0.0f;
2792
2793	float spatialArea = GetBBox(leaf).SurfaceArea();
2794	float dirArea = GetDirBBox(leaf).SurfaceArea();
2795	if (leaf->rays.size()) {
2796	// compute average length of the ray
2797	float avgLength = sumLength/leaf->rays.size();
2798	// compute estimated area of the visible surface corresponding to these rays
2799	float ss = spatialArea/2.0f;
2800	float sd = dirArea;
2801	float s = ss + avgLength(2sqrt(sssd) + avgLengthsd);
2802
2803	distImportance = s/leaf->rays.size();
2804	}
2805
2806	// $$
2807	// sumWeights = leaf->mTotalRays;
2808
2809	//$$ test 30.11. 2006
2810	// normalize per volume of the cell not the number of rays!
2811	// sumWeights = spatialArea*dirArea;
2812
2813	if (sumWeights != 0.0f) {
2814	#if 1
2815	leaf->mImportance =
2816	pow(((weightAbsContributions*sumContributions +
2817	(1.0f - weightAbsContributions)*sumRelContributions)/sumWeights), 1.0f);
2818	#else
2819	leaf->mImportance =
2820	(weightAbsContributions*maxContribution +
2821	(1.0f - weightAbsContributions)*maxRelContribution)/sumWeights;
2822	#endif
2823	} else
2824	leaf->mImportance = 0.0f;
2825
2826	}
2827
2828	// return GetAvgRayContribution()*mImportance;
2829	//return GetAvgRayContribution();
2830	}
2831
2832
2833	float
2834	RssTreeNode::GetImportance() const
2835	{
2836	// return mImportance*mImportance;
2837	return mImportance;
2838	}
2839
2840
2841	float
2842	RssTreeLeaf::ComputePvsEntropy() const
2843	{
2844	int samples = 0;
2845	Intersectable::NewMail();
2846	// set all object as belonging to the fron pvs
2847	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri = rays.begin();
2848	ri != rays.end();
2849	ri++)
2850	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
2851	Intersectable object = (ri).GetObject();
2852	if (object) {
2853	if (!object->Mailed()) {
2854	object->Mail();
2855	object->mCounter = 1;
2856	} else
2857	{
2858
2859	object->mCounter++;
2860	}
2861	samples++;
2862	}
2863	}
2864
2865	float entropy = 0.0f;
2866
2867	if (samples > 1) {
2868	Intersectable::NewMail();
2869	for(RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri = rays.begin();
2870	ri != rays.end();
2871	ri++)
2872	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
2873	Intersectable object = (ri).GetObject();
2874	if (object) {
2875	if (!object->Mailed()) {
2876	object->Mail();
2877	float p = object->mCounter/(float)samples;
2878	entropy -= p*log(p);
2879	}
2880	}
2881	}
2882	entropy = entropy/log((float)samples);
2883	}
2884	else
2885	entropy = 1.0f;
2886
2887	return entropy;
2888	}
2889
2890	float
2891	RssTreeLeaf::ComputeRayLengthEntropy() const
2892	{
2893	// get sum of all ray lengths
2894	// consider only passing rays or originating rays
2895	float sum = 0.0f;
2896	int samples = 0;
2897	int i=0;
2898	for(RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri = rays.begin();
2899	ri != rays.end();
2900	ri++)
2901	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
2902	// float s;
2903	// if (i == 0)
2904	// s = 200;
2905	// else
2906	// s = 100;
2907	// i++;
2908
2909	sum += (*ri).mRay->GetSize();
2910	samples++;
2911	}
2912
2913
2914	float entropy = 0.0f;
2915
2916	if (samples > 1) {
2917	i = 0;
2918	for(RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri = rays.begin();
2919	ri != rays.end();
2920	ri++)
2921	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
2922	// float s;
2923	// if (i==0)
2924	// s = 200;
2925	// else
2926	// s = 100;
2927	// i++;
2928	// float p = s/sum;
2929	float p = (*ri).mRay->GetSize()/sum;
2930	entropy -= p*log(p);
2931	}
2932	entropy = entropy/log((float)samples);
2933	} else
2934	entropy = 1.0f;
2935
2936	return entropy;
2937	}
2938
2939
2940
2941	float
2942	RssTreeLeaf::ComputeEntropyImportance() const
2943	{
2944
2945	// mEntropy = 1.0f - ComputeRayLengthEntropy();
2946	return 1.0f - ComputePvsEntropy();
2947	}
2948
2949	float
2950	RssTreeLeaf::ComputeRayContributionImportance() const
2951	{
2952	// mPvsEntropy = ComputePvsEntropy();
2953	// mRayLengthEntropy = ComputeRayLengthEntropy();
2954
2955	// mEntropy = 1.0f - ComputeRayLengthEntropy();
2956	return 1.0f - ComputePvsEntropy();
2957	}
2958
2959
2960	AxisAlignedBox3
2961	RssTree::GetShrankedBBox(const RssTreeNode *node) const
2962	{
2963	if (node->parent == NULL)
2964	return bbox;
2965
2966	if (!node->IsLeaf())
2967	return ((RssTreeInterior *)node)->bbox;
2968
2969	// evaluate bounding box from the ray origins
2970	AxisAlignedBox3 box;
2971	box.Initialize();
2972	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
2973	for(RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::iterator ri = leaf->rays.begin();
2974	ri != leaf->rays.end();
2975	ri++)
2976	if ((*ri).mRay->IsActive()) {
2977	box.Include((*ri).GetOrigin());
2978	}
2979	return box;
2980	}
2981
2982
2983	int
2984	RssTree::CollectRays(VssRayContainer &rays,
2985	const int number)
2986	{
2987	VssRayContainer allRays;
2988	CollectRays(allRays);
2989
2990
2991	int desired = min(number, (int)allRays.size());
2992	float prob = desired/(float)allRays.size();
2993	//int skip = allRays.size()/desired;
2994	while (rays.size() < desired) {
2995	VssRayContainer::const_iterator it = allRays.begin();
2996	for (; it != allRays.end() && rays.size() < desired; it++) {
2997	if (Random(1.0f) < prob)
2998	rays.push_back(*it);
2999	}
3000	}
3001	return (int)rays.size();
3002	}
3003
3004
3005	int
3006	RssTree::CollectRays(VssRayContainer &rays
3007	)
3008	{
3009	VssRay::NewMail();
3010
3011	stack<RssTreeNode *> tstack;
3012	PushRoots(tstack);
3013
3014	while (!tstack.empty()) {
3015	RssTreeNode *node = tstack.top();
3016	tstack.pop();
3017
3018	if (node->IsLeaf()) {
3019	RssTreeLeaf leaf = (RssTreeLeaf )node;
3020	// update pvs size
3021	RssTreeNode::RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it = leaf->rays.begin();
3022	for (;it != leaf->rays.end(); ++it)
3023	if (!(*it).mRay->Mailed()) {
3024	(*it).mRay->Mail();
3025	rays.push_back((*it).mRay);
3026	}
3027	} else {
3028	RssTreeInterior in = (RssTreeInterior )node;
3029	// both nodes for directional splits
3030	tstack.push(in->front);
3031	tstack.push(in->back);
3032	}
3033	}
3034
3035	return (int)rays.size();
3036	}
3037
3038
3039	RssTreeNode *
3040	RssTree::GetRoot(Intersectable *object) const
3041	{
3042	if (mPerObjectTree && object) {
3043	int id = object->GetId()-1;
3044	if (id < 0 \|\| id >= mRoots.size()) {
3045	Debug<<"Error: object Id out of range, Id="<<id<<" roots.size()="<<(int)mRoots.size()<<
3046	endl<<flush;
3047	id = (int)mRoots.size()-1; // $$ last tree is used by all unsigned objects
3048	}
3049	return mRoots[id];
3050	} else
3051	return mRoots[0];
3052	}
3053
3054	void
3055	RssTree::PushRoots(priority_queue<TraversalData> &st) const
3056	{
3057	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++)
3058	st.push(TraversalData(mRoots[i], GetBBox(mRoots[i]), 0));
3059	}
3060
3061	void
3062	RssTree::PushRoots(stack<RssTreeNode *> &st) const
3063	{
3064	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++)
3065	st.push(mRoots[i]);
3066	}
3067
3068	void
3069	RssTree::PushRoots(stack<RayTraversalData> &st, RssTreeNode::RayInfo &info) const
3070	{
3071	for (int i=0; i < mRoots.size(); i++)
3072	st.push(RayTraversalData(mRoots[i], info));
3073	}
3074
3075
3076
3077	bool
3078	RssBasedDistribution::GenerateSample(SimpleRay &ray)
3079	{
3080	float r[5];
3081
3082	mHalton.GetNext(5, r);
3083
3084	if (mRssTree == NULL) {
3085	// use direction based distribution
3086	Vector3 origin, direction;
3087	mPreprocessor.mViewCellsManager->GetViewPoint(origin, Vector3(r[0], r[1], r[2]));
3088
3089	direction = UniformRandomVector(r[3], r[4]);
3090
3091	const float pdf = 1.0f;
3092	ray = SimpleRay(origin, direction, RSS_BASED_DISTRIBUTION, pdf);
3093
3094	} else {
3095
3096	SimpleRayContainer rays;
3097	mRssTree->GenerateRay(r, rays);
3098	ray = rays[0];
3099	}
3100
3101	return true;
3102	}
3103
3104	void
3105	RssBasedDistribution::Update(VssRayContainer &vssRays)
3106	{
3107	if (mRssTree == NULL) {
3108	mRssTree = new RssTree;
3109	mRssTree->SetPass(mPass);
3110
3111	/// compute view cell contribution of rays if view cells manager already constructed
3112	// mViewCellsManager->ComputeSampleContributions(mVssRays, true, false);
3113	mRssTree->Construct(mPreprocessor.mObjects, vssRays);
3114	mRssTree->stat.Print(mPreprocessor.mStats);
3115	cout<<"RssTree root PVS size = "<<mRssTree->GetRootPvsSize()<<endl;
3116
3117	} else {
3118	mRssTree->SetPass(mPass);
3119	Debug<<"Adding rays...\n"<<flush;
3120	mRssTree->AddRays(vssRays);
3121	Debug<<"done.\n"<<flush;
3122	if (1) {
3123	// if (mUpdateSubdivision) {
3124	Debug<<"Updating rss tree...\n"<<flush;
3125	int subdivided = mRssTree->UpdateSubdivision();
3126	Debug<<"done.\n"<<flush;
3127	cout<<"subdivided leafs = "<<subdivided<<endl;
3128	cout<<"#total leaves = "<<mRssTree->stat.Leaves()<<endl;
3129	}
3130	}
3131	mPass++;
3132	}
3133
3134	}

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