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source: GTP/trunk/Lib/Vis/Preprocessing/src/VspTree.cpp @ 1308

Revision 1308, 69.9 KB checked in by mattausch, 18 years ago (diff)
changed hierarchy construction: up to a certain level view space split is taken

Line
1	#include <stack>
2	#include <time.h>
3	#include <iomanip>
4
5	#include "ViewCell.h"
6	#include "Plane3.h"
7	#include "VspTree.h"
8	#include "Mesh.h"
9	#include "common.h"
10	#include "Environment.h"
11	#include "Polygon3.h"
12	#include "Ray.h"
13	#include "AxisAlignedBox3.h"
14	#include "Exporter.h"
15	#include "Plane3.h"
16	#include "ViewCellsManager.h"
17	#include "Beam.h"
18	#include "KdTree.h"
19	#include "KdIntersectable.h"
20	#include "HierarchyManager.h"
21	#include "BvHierarchy.h"
22	#include "OspTree.h"
23
24
25
26	namespace GtpVisibilityPreprocessor {
27
28
29	#define USE_FIXEDPOINT_T 0
30
31
32	//-- static members
33
34	VspTree *VspTree::VspSubdivisionCandidate::sVspTree = NULL;
35	int VspNode::sMailId = 1;
36
37	// variable for debugging volume contribution for heuristics
38	static float debugVol;
39
40
41	// pvs penalty can be different from pvs size
42	inline static float EvalPvsPenalty(const int pvs,
43	const int lower,
44	const int upper)
45	{
46	// clamp to minmax values
47	if (pvs < lower)
48	{
49	return (float)lower;
50	}
51	else if (pvs > upper)
52	{
53	return (float)upper;
54	}
55	return (float)pvs;
56	}
57
58
59	static bool ViewCellHasMultipleReferences(Intersectable *obj,
60	ViewCell *vc,
61	bool checkOnlyMailed)
62	{
63	MailablePvsData *vdata = obj->mViewCellPvs.Find(vc);
64	//return false;
65	if (vdata)
66	{
67	// more than one view cell sees this object inside different kd cells
68	if (!checkOnlyMailed \|\| !vdata->Mailed())
69	{
70	if (checkOnlyMailed)
71	vdata->Mail();
72	//Debug << "sumpdf: " << vdata->mSumPdf << endl;
73	if (vdata->mSumPdf > 1.5f)
74	return true;
75	}
76	}
77
78	return false;
79	}
80
81
82	void VspTreeStatistics::Print(ostream &app) const
83	{
84	app << "=========== VspTree statistics ===============\n";
85
86	app << setprecision(4);
87
88	app << "#N_CTIME ( Construction time [s] )\n" << Time() << " \n";
89
90	app << "#N_NODES ( Number of nodes )\n" << nodes << "\n";
91
92	app << "#N_INTERIORS ( Number of interior nodes )\n" << Interior() << "\n";
93
94	app << "#N_LEAVES ( Number of leaves )\n" << Leaves() << "\n";
95
96	app << "#AXIS_ALIGNED_SPLITS (number of axis aligned splits)\n" << splits[0] + splits[1] + splits[2] << endl;
97
98	app << "#N_SPLITS ( Number of splits in axes x y z)\n";
99
100	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++ i)
101	app << splits[i] << " ";
102	app << endl;
103
104	app << "#N_PMAXDEPTHLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves at maximum depth )\n"
105	<< maxDepthNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
106
107	app << "#N_PMINPVSLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with mininimal PVS )\n"
108	<< minPvsNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
109
110	app << "#N_PMINRAYSLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with minimal number of rays)\n"
111	<< minRaysNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
112
113	app << "#N_MAXCOSTNODES ( Percentage of leaves with terminated because of max cost ratio )\n"
114	<< maxCostNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
115
116	app << "#N_PMINPROBABILITYLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with mininum probability )\n"
117	<< minProbabilityNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
118
119	app << "#N_PMAXRAYCONTRIBLEAVES ( Percentage of leaves with maximal ray contribution )\n"
120	<< maxRayContribNodes * 100 / (double)Leaves() << endl;
121
122	app << "#N_PMAXDEPTH ( Maximal reached depth )\n" << maxDepth << endl;
123
124	app << "#N_PMINDEPTH ( Minimal reached depth )\n" << minDepth << endl;
125
126	app << "#AVGDEPTH ( average depth )\n" << AvgDepth() << endl;
127
128	app << "#N_INVALIDLEAVES (number of invalid leaves )\n" << invalidLeaves << endl;
129
130	app << "#N_RAYS (number of rays / leaf)\n" << AvgRays() << endl;
131	//app << "#N_PVS: " << pvs << endl;
132
133	//app << "#N_MAXOBJECTREFS ( Max number of object refs / leaf )\n" << maxObjectRefs << "\n";
134
135	app << "========== END OF VspTree statistics ==========\n";
136	}
137
138
139
140	/******************************************************************/
141	/* class VspNode implementation */
142	/******************************************************************/
143
144
145	VspNode::VspNode():
146	mParent(NULL), mTreeValid(true), mTimeStamp(0)
147	{}
148
149
150	VspNode::VspNode(VspInterior *parent):
151	mParent(parent), mTreeValid(true)
152	{}
153
154
155	bool VspNode::IsRoot() const
156	{
157	return mParent == NULL;
158	}
159
160
161	VspInterior *VspNode::GetParent()
162	{
163	return mParent;
164	}
165
166
167	void VspNode::SetParent(VspInterior *parent)
168	{
169	mParent = parent;
170	}
171
172
173	bool VspNode::IsSibling(VspNode *n) const
174	{
175	return ((this != n) && mParent &&
176	(mParent->GetFront() == n) \|\| (mParent->GetBack() == n));
177	}
178
179
180	int VspNode::GetDepth() const
181	{
182	int depth = 0;
183	VspNode *p = mParent;
184
185	while (p)
186	{
187	p = p->mParent;
188	++ depth;
189	}
190
191	return depth;
192	}
193
194
195	bool VspNode::TreeValid() const
196	{
197	return mTreeValid;
198	}
199
200
201	void VspNode::SetTreeValid(const bool v)
202	{
203	mTreeValid = v;
204	}
205
206
207	/****************************************************************/
208	/* class VspInterior implementation */
209	/****************************************************************/
210
211
212	VspInterior::VspInterior(const AxisAlignedPlane &plane):
213	mPlane(plane), mFront(NULL), mBack(NULL)
214	{}
215
216
217	VspInterior::~VspInterior()
218	{
219	DEL_PTR(mFront);
220	DEL_PTR(mBack);
221	}
222
223
224	bool VspInterior::IsLeaf() const
225	{
226	return false;
227	}
228
229
230	VspNode *VspInterior::GetBack()
231	{
232	return mBack;
233	}
234
235
236	VspNode *VspInterior::GetFront()
237	{
238	return mFront;
239	}
240
241
242	AxisAlignedPlane VspInterior::GetPlane() const
243	{
244	return mPlane;
245	}
246
247
248	float VspInterior::GetPosition() const
249	{
250	return mPlane.mPosition;
251	}
252
253
254	int VspInterior::GetAxis() const
255	{
256	return mPlane.mAxis;
257	}
258
259
260	void VspInterior::ReplaceChildLink(VspNode oldChild, VspNode newChild)
261	{
262	if (mBack == oldChild)
263	mBack = newChild;
264	else
265	mFront = newChild;
266	}
267
268
269	void VspInterior::SetupChildLinks(VspNode front, VspNode back)
270	{
271	mBack = back;
272	mFront = front;
273	}
274
275
276	AxisAlignedBox3 VspInterior::GetBoundingBox() const
277	{
278	return mBoundingBox;
279	}
280
281
282	void VspInterior::SetBoundingBox(const AxisAlignedBox3 &box)
283	{
284	mBoundingBox = box;
285	}
286
287
288	int VspInterior::Type() const
289	{
290	return Interior;
291	}
292
293
294
295	/****************************************************************/
296	/* class VspLeaf implementation */
297	/****************************************************************/
298
299
300	VspLeaf::VspLeaf(): mViewCell(NULL), mPvs(NULL), mSubdivisionCandidate(NULL)
301	{
302	}
303
304
305	VspLeaf::~VspLeaf()
306	{
307	DEL_PTR(mPvs);
308	CLEAR_CONTAINER(mVssRays);
309	}
310
311
312	int VspLeaf::Type() const
313	{
314	return Leaf;
315	}
316
317
318	VspLeaf::VspLeaf(ViewCellLeaf *viewCell):
319	mViewCell(viewCell)
320	{
321	}
322
323
324	VspLeaf::VspLeaf(VspInterior *parent):
325	VspNode(parent), mViewCell(NULL), mPvs(NULL)
326	{}
327
328
329
330	VspLeaf::VspLeaf(VspInterior parent, ViewCellLeaf viewCell):
331	VspNode(parent), mViewCell(viewCell), mPvs(NULL)
332	{
333	}
334
335	ViewCellLeaf *VspLeaf::GetViewCell() const
336	{
337	return mViewCell;
338	}
339
340	void VspLeaf::SetViewCell(ViewCellLeaf *viewCell)
341	{
342	mViewCell = viewCell;
343	}
344
345
346	bool VspLeaf::IsLeaf() const
347	{
348	return true;
349	}
350
351
352	/*************************************************************************/
353	/* class VspTree implementation */
354	/*************************************************************************/
355
356
357	VspTree::VspTree():
358	mRoot(NULL),
359	mOutOfBoundsCell(NULL),
360	mStoreRays(false),
361	mTimeStamp(1),
362	mHierarchyManager(NULL)
363	{
364	bool randomize = false;
365	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("VspTree.Construction.randomize", randomize);
366	if (randomize)
367	Randomize(); // initialise random generator for heuristics
368
369	//-- termination criteria for autopartition
370	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.maxDepth", mTermMaxDepth);
371	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.minPvs", mTermMinPvs);
372	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.minRays", mTermMinRays);
373	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Termination.minProbability", mTermMinProbability);
374	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Termination.maxRayContribution", mTermMaxRayContribution);
375
376	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.missTolerance", mTermMissTolerance);
377	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.maxViewCells", mMaxViewCells);
378
379	//-- max cost ratio for early tree termination
380	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Termination.maxCostRatio", mTermMaxCostRatio);
381
382	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Termination.minGlobalCostRatio", mTermMinGlobalCostRatio);
383	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.Termination.globalCostMissTolerance", mTermGlobalCostMissTolerance);
384
385	//-- factors for bsp tree split plane heuristics
386	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Termination.ct_div_ci", mCtDivCi);
387
388	//-- partition criteria
389	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Construction.epsilon", mEpsilon);
390	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Construction.renderCostDecreaseWeight", mRenderCostDecreaseWeight);
391
392	// if only the driving axis is used for axis aligned split
393	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("VspTree.splitUseOnlyDrivingAxis", mOnlyDrivingAxis);
394
395	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetIntValue("VspTree.maxTests", mMaxTests);
396	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.maxStaticMemory", mMaxMemory);
397
398	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("VspTree.useCostHeuristics", mUseCostHeuristics);
399	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("VspTree.simulateOctree", mCirculatingAxis);
400
401	//Environment::GetSingleton()->GetBoolValue("VspTree.useKdPvsForHeuristics", mUseKdPvsForHeuristics);
402
403	char subdivisionStatsLog[100];
404	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetStringValue("VspTree.subdivisionStats", subdivisionStatsLog);
405	mSubdivisionStats.open(subdivisionStatsLog);
406
407	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Construction.minBand", mMinBand);
408	Environment::GetSingleton()->GetFloatValue("VspTree.Construction.maxBand", mMaxBand);
409
410
411	//-- debug output
412
413	Debug << "***** VSP options ****** " << endl;
414
415	Debug << "max depth: " << mTermMaxDepth << endl;
416	Debug << "min PVS: " << mTermMinPvs << endl;
417	Debug << "min probabiliy: " << mTermMinProbability << endl;
418	Debug << "min rays: " << mTermMinRays << endl;
419	Debug << "max ray contri: " << mTermMaxRayContribution << endl;
420	Debug << "max cost ratio: " << mTermMaxCostRatio << endl;
421	Debug << "miss tolerance: " << mTermMissTolerance << endl;
422	Debug << "max view cells: " << mMaxViewCells << endl;
423	Debug << "randomize: " << randomize << endl;
424
425	Debug << "min global cost ratio: " << mTermMinGlobalCostRatio << endl;
426	Debug << "global cost miss tolerance: " << mTermGlobalCostMissTolerance << endl;
427	Debug << "only driving axis: " << mOnlyDrivingAxis << endl;
428	Debug << "max memory: " << mMaxMemory << endl;
429	Debug << "use cost heuristics: " << mUseCostHeuristics << endl;
430	Debug << "subdivision stats log: " << subdivisionStatsLog << endl;
431	Debug << "render cost decrease weight: " << mRenderCostDecreaseWeight << endl;
432
433	Debug << "circulating axis: " << mCirculatingAxis << endl;
434	Debug << "minband: " << mMinBand << endl;
435	Debug << "maxband: " << mMaxBand << endl;
436
437	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates = new vector<SortableEntry>;
438
439	Debug << endl;
440	}
441
442
443	VspViewCell *VspTree::GetOutOfBoundsCell()
444	{
445	return mOutOfBoundsCell;
446	}
447
448
449	VspViewCell *VspTree::GetOrCreateOutOfBoundsCell()
450	{
451	if (!mOutOfBoundsCell)
452	{
453	mOutOfBoundsCell = new VspViewCell();
454	mOutOfBoundsCell->SetId(-1);
455	mOutOfBoundsCell->SetValid(false);
456	}
457
458	return mOutOfBoundsCell;
459	}
460
461
462	const VspTreeStatistics &VspTree::GetStatistics() const
463	{
464	return mVspStats;
465	}
466
467
468	VspTree::~VspTree()
469	{
470	DEL_PTR(mRoot);
471	DEL_PTR(mLocalSubdivisionCandidates);
472	}
473
474
475	void VspTree::ComputeBoundingBox(const VssRayContainer &rays,
476	AxisAlignedBox3 *forcedBoundingBox)
477	{
478	if (forcedBoundingBox)
479	{
480	mBoundingBox = *forcedBoundingBox;
481	}
482	else // compute vsp tree bounding box
483	{
484	mBoundingBox.Initialize();
485	VssRayContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = rays.end();
486
487	//-- compute bounding box
488	for (rit = rays.begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
489	{
490	VssRay ray = rit;
491
492	// compute bounding box of view space
493	mBoundingBox.Include(ray->GetTermination());
494	mBoundingBox.Include(ray->GetOrigin());
495	}
496	}
497	}
498
499
500	void VspTree::AddSubdivisionStats(const int viewCells,
501	const float renderCostDecr,
502	const float totalRenderCost,
503	const float avgRenderCost)
504	{
505	mSubdivisionStats
506	<< "#ViewCells\n" << viewCells << endl
507	<< "#RenderCostDecrease\n" << renderCostDecr << endl
508	<< "#TotalRenderCost\n" << totalRenderCost << endl
509	<< "#AvgRenderCost\n" << avgRenderCost << endl;
510	}
511
512
513	// TODO: return memory usage in MB
514	float VspTree::GetMemUsage() const
515	{
516	return (float)
517	(sizeof(VspTree) +
518	mVspStats.Leaves() * sizeof(VspLeaf) +
519	mCreatedViewCells * sizeof(VspViewCell) +
520	mVspStats.pvs * sizeof(PvsData) +
521	mVspStats.Interior() * sizeof(VspInterior) +
522	mVspStats.accumRays * sizeof(RayInfo)) / (1024.0f * 1024.0f);
523	}
524
525
526	inline bool VspTree::LocalTerminationCriteriaMet(const VspTraversalData &data) const
527	{
528	const bool localTerminationCriteriaMet = (0
529	//\|\| ((int)data.mRays->size() <= mTermMinRays)
530	//\|\| (data.mPvs <= mTermMinPvs)
531	//\|\| (data.mProbability <= mTermMinProbability)
532	//\|\| (data.GetAvgRayContribution() > mTermMaxRayContribution)
533	//\|\| (data.mDepth >= mTermMaxDepth)
534	);
535
536	if (1 && localTerminationCriteriaMet)
537	{
538	Debug << "******local termination *******" << endl;
539	Debug << "rays: " << (int)data.mRays->size() << " " << mTermMinRays << endl;
540	Debug << "pvs: " << data.mPvs << " " << mTermMinPvs << endl;
541	Debug << "p: " << data.mProbability << " " << mTermMinProbability << endl;
542	Debug << "avg contri: " << data.GetAvgRayContribution() << " " << mTermMaxRayContribution << endl;
543	Debug << "depth " << data.mDepth << " " << mTermMaxDepth << endl;
544	}
545
546	return localTerminationCriteriaMet;
547	}
548
549
550	inline bool VspTree::GlobalTerminationCriteriaMet(const VspTraversalData &data) const
551	{
552	const bool terminationCriteriaMet = (0
553	// \|\| mOutOfMemory
554	\|\| (mVspStats.Leaves() >= mMaxViewCells)
555	//\|\| (mGlobalCostMisses >= mTermGlobalCostMissTolerance)
556	);
557
558	if (0 && terminationCriteriaMet)
559	{
560	Debug << "******* terminationCriteriaMet *******" << endl;
561	Debug << "cost misses: " << mGlobalCostMisses << " " << mTermGlobalCostMissTolerance << endl;
562	Debug << "leaves: " << mVspStats.Leaves() << " " << mMaxViewCells << endl;
563	}
564	return terminationCriteriaMet;
565	}
566
567
568	void VspTree::CreateViewCell(VspTraversalData &tData, const bool updatePvs)
569	{
570	//-- create new view cell
571	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(tData.mNode);
572
573	VspViewCell *viewCell = new VspViewCell();
574	leaf->SetViewCell(viewCell);
575
576	int conSamp = 0;
577	float sampCon = 0.0f;
578
579	if (updatePvs)
580	{
581	//-- update pvs of view cell
582	AddSamplesToPvs(leaf, *tData.mRays, sampCon, conSamp);
583
584	// update scalar pvs size value
585	ObjectPvs &pvs = viewCell->GetPvs();
586	mViewCellsManager->UpdateScalarPvsSize(viewCell, pvs.CountObjectsInPvs(), pvs.GetSize());
587
588	mVspStats.contributingSamples += conSamp;
589	mVspStats.sampleContributions += (int)sampCon;
590	}
591
592
593	//-- store additional info
594	if (mStoreRays)
595	{
596	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it, it_end = tData.mRays->end();
597
598	for (it = tData.mRays->begin(); it != it_end; ++ it)
599	{
600	(*it).mRay->Ref();
601	leaf->mVssRays.push_back((*it).mRay);
602	}
603	}
604
605	// set view cell values
606	viewCell->mLeaf = leaf;
607
608	viewCell->SetVolume(tData.mProbability);
609	leaf->mProbability = tData.mProbability;
610	}
611
612
613	void VspTree::EvalSubdivisionStats(const SubdivisionCandidate &sc)
614	{
615	const float costDecr = sc.GetRenderCostDecrease();
616
617	AddSubdivisionStats(mVspStats.Leaves(),
618	costDecr,
619	mTotalCost,
620	(float)mTotalPvsSize / (float)mVspStats.Leaves());
621	}
622
623
624	VspNode *VspTree::Subdivide(SplitQueue &tQueue,
625	SubdivisionCandidate *splitCandidate,
626	const bool globalCriteriaMet)
627	{
628	// todo remove dynamic cast
629	VspSubdivisionCandidate *sc =
630	dynamic_cast<VspSubdivisionCandidate *>(splitCandidate);
631
632	VspTraversalData &tData = sc->mParentData;
633	VspNode *newNode = tData.mNode;
634
635	if (!LocalTerminationCriteriaMet(tData) && !globalCriteriaMet)
636	{
637	//-- continue subdivision
638	VspTraversalData tFrontData;
639	VspTraversalData tBackData;
640
641	// create new interior node and two leaf node
642	const AxisAlignedPlane splitPlane = sc->mSplitPlane;
643	const int maxCostMisses = sc->mMaxCostMisses;
644
645	newNode = SubdivideNode(splitPlane, tData, tFrontData, tBackData);
646
647	// how often was max cost ratio missed in this branch?
648	tFrontData.mMaxCostMisses = maxCostMisses;
649	tBackData.mMaxCostMisses = maxCostMisses;
650
651	mTotalCost -= sc->GetRenderCostDecrease();
652	mTotalPvsSize += tFrontData.mPvs + tBackData.mPvs - tData.mPvs;
653
654	// subdivision statistics
655	if (1) EvalSubdivisionStats(*sc);
656
657	//-- evaluate new split candidates for global greedy cost heuristics
658
659	VspSubdivisionCandidate *frontCandidate = new VspSubdivisionCandidate(tFrontData);
660	VspSubdivisionCandidate *backCandidate = new VspSubdivisionCandidate(tBackData);
661
662	EvalSubdivisionCandidate(*frontCandidate);
663	EvalSubdivisionCandidate(*backCandidate);
664
665	// cross reference
666	tFrontData.mNode->SetSubdivisionCandidate(frontCandidate);
667	tBackData.mNode->SetSubdivisionCandidate(backCandidate);
668
669	tQueue.Push(frontCandidate);
670	tQueue.Push(backCandidate);
671
672	// delete old leaf node
673	//DEL_PTR(tData.mNode);
674	}
675
676	if (newNode->IsLeaf()) // subdivision terminated
677	{
678	// view cell is created during subdivision
679	//CreateViewCell(tData);
680
681	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(newNode);
682	ViewCell *viewCell = leaf->GetViewCell();
683
684	int conSamp = 0;
685	float sampCon = 0.0f;
686
687	#if 0
688	//-- store pvs optained from rays
689	AddSamplesToPvs(leaf, *tData.mRays, sampCon, conSamp);
690
691	// update scalar pvs size value
692	ObjectPvs &pvs = viewCell->GetPvs();
693	mViewCellsManager->UpdateScalarPvsSize(viewCell, pvs.CountObjectsInPvs(), pvs.GetSize());
694
695	mVspStats.contributingSamples += conSamp;
696	mVspStats.sampleContributions += (int)sampCon;
697	#endif
698	//-- store additional info
699	if (mStoreRays)
700	{
701	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it, it_end = tData.mRays->end();
702	for (it = tData.mRays->begin(); it != it_end; ++ it)
703	{
704	(*it).mRay->Ref();
705	leaf->mVssRays.push_back((*it).mRay);
706	}
707	}
708
709	// finally evaluate statistics for this leaf
710	EvaluateLeafStats(tData);
711	// detach subdivision candidate: this leaf is no candidate for
712	// splitting anymore
713	tData.mNode->SetSubdivisionCandidate(NULL);
714	// detach node so it won't get deleted
715	tData.mNode = NULL;
716	}
717
718	return newNode;
719	}
720
721
722	void VspTree::EvalSubdivisionCandidate(VspSubdivisionCandidate &splitCandidate)
723	{
724	float frontProb;
725	float backProb;
726
727	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(splitCandidate.mParentData.mNode);
728
729	// compute locally best split plane
730	const float ratio = SelectSplitPlane(splitCandidate.mParentData,
731	splitCandidate.mSplitPlane,
732	frontProb,
733	backProb);
734
735	const bool maxCostRatioViolated = mTermMaxCostRatio < ratio;
736
737	// max cost threshold violated?
738	splitCandidate.mMaxCostMisses = maxCostRatioViolated ?
739	splitCandidate.mParentData.mMaxCostMisses + 1:
740	splitCandidate.mParentData.mMaxCostMisses;
741
742	float oldRenderCost;
743
744	// compute global decrease in render cost
745	const float renderCostDecr = EvalRenderCostDecrease(splitCandidate.mSplitPlane,
746	splitCandidate.mParentData,
747	oldRenderCost);
748
749	splitCandidate.SetRenderCostDecrease(renderCostDecr);
750
751	#if 1
752	const float priority = (float)-splitCandidate.mParentData.mDepth;
753	#else
754	// take render cost of node into account
755	// otherwise danger of being stuck in a local minimum!!
756	const float factor = mRenderCostDecreaseWeight;
757	const float priority = factor * renderCostDecr + (1.0f - factor) * oldRenderCost;
758	#endif
759
760	splitCandidate.SetPriority(priority);
761	}
762
763
764	VspInterior *VspTree::SubdivideNode(const AxisAlignedPlane &splitPlane,
765	VspTraversalData &tData,
766	VspTraversalData &frontData,
767	VspTraversalData &backData)
768	{
769	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(tData.mNode);
770
771	//-- the front and back traversal data is filled with the new values
772
773	frontData.mDepth = tData.mDepth + 1;
774	backData.mDepth = tData.mDepth + 1;
775
776	frontData.mRays = new RayInfoContainer();
777	backData.mRays = new RayInfoContainer();
778
779	//-- subdivide rays
780	SplitRays(splitPlane,
781	*tData.mRays,
782	*frontData.mRays,
783	*backData.mRays);
784
785	//-- compute pvs
786
787	frontData.mPvs = EvalPvsSize(*frontData.mRays);
788	backData.mPvs = EvalPvsSize(*backData.mRays);
789
790	Debug << "f pvs: " << frontData.mPvs << " b pvs: " << backData.mPvs << " pvs " << tData.mPvs << endl;
791
792	// split front and back node geometry and compute area
793	tData.mBoundingBox.Split(splitPlane.mAxis,
794	splitPlane.mPosition,
795	frontData.mBoundingBox,
796	backData.mBoundingBox);
797
798	frontData.mProbability = frontData.mBoundingBox.GetVolume();
799	backData.mProbability = tData.mProbability - frontData.mProbability;
800
801
802	///////////////////////////////////////////
803	// subdivide further
804
805	// store maximal and minimal depth
806	if (tData.mDepth > mVspStats.maxDepth)
807	{
808	Debug << "max depth increases to " << tData.mDepth
809	<< " at " << mVspStats.Leaves() << " leaves" << endl;
810	mVspStats.maxDepth = tData.mDepth;
811	}
812
813	// two more leaves
814	mVspStats.nodes += 2;
815
816	VspInterior *interior = new VspInterior(splitPlane);
817
818
819	//-- create front and back leaf
820
821	VspInterior *parent = leaf->GetParent();
822
823	// replace a link from node's parent
824	if (parent)
825	{
826	parent->ReplaceChildLink(leaf, interior);
827	interior->SetParent(parent);
828
829	// remove "parent" view cell from pvs of all objects (traverse trough rays)
830	RemoveParentViewCellReferences(tData.mNode->GetViewCell());
831	}
832	else // new root
833	{
834	mRoot = interior;
835	}
836
837	VspLeaf *frontLeaf = new VspLeaf(interior);
838	VspLeaf *backLeaf = new VspLeaf(interior);
839
840	// and setup child links
841	interior->SetupChildLinks(frontLeaf, backLeaf);
842
843	// add bounding box
844	interior->SetBoundingBox(tData.mBoundingBox);
845
846	// set front and back leaf
847	frontData.mNode = frontLeaf;
848	backData.mNode = backLeaf;
849
850	// explicitely create front and back view cell
851	CreateViewCell(frontData, false);
852	CreateViewCell(backData, false);
853
854
855	#if WORK_WITH_VIEWCELL_PVS
856	// create front and back view cell
857	// add front and back view cell to "Potentially Visbilie View Cells"
858	// of the objects in front and back pvs
859
860	AddViewCellReferences(frontLeaf->GetViewCell());
861	AddViewCellReferences(backLeaf->GetViewCell());
862	#endif
863
864	interior->mTimeStamp = mTimeStamp ++;
865
866	return interior;
867	}
868
869
870	void VspTree::RemoveParentViewCellReferences(ViewCell *parent) const
871	{
872	KdLeaf::NewMail();
873
874	// remove the parents from the object pvss
875	ObjectPvsMap::const_iterator oit, oit_end = parent->GetPvs().mEntries.end();
876
877	for (oit = parent->GetPvs().mEntries.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
878	{
879	Intersectable object = (oit).first;
880	// HACK: make sure that the view cell is removed from the pvs
881	const float high_contri = 9999999;
882
883	// remove reference count of view cells
884	object->mViewCellPvs.RemoveSample(parent, high_contri);
885	}
886	}
887
888
889	void VspTree::AddViewCellReferences(ViewCell *vc) const
890	{
891	KdLeaf::NewMail();
892
893	// Add front view cell to the object pvsss
894	ObjectPvsMap::const_iterator oit, oit_end = vc->GetPvs().mEntries.end();
895
896	for (oit = vc->GetPvs().mEntries.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
897	{
898	Intersectable object = (oit).first;
899
900	// increase reference count of view cells
901	object->mViewCellPvs.AddSample(vc, 1);
902	}
903	}
904
905
906	void VspTree::AddSamplesToPvs(VspLeaf *leaf,
907	const RayInfoContainer &rays,
908	float &sampleContributions,
909	int &contributingSamples)
910	{
911	sampleContributions = 0;
912	contributingSamples = 0;
913
914	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator it, it_end = rays.end();
915
916	ViewCellLeaf *vc = leaf->GetViewCell();
917
918	// add contributions from samples to the PVS
919	for (it = rays.begin(); it != it_end; ++ it)
920	{
921	float sc = 0.0f;
922	VssRay ray = (it).mRay;
923
924	bool madeContrib = false;
925	float contribution;
926
927	Intersectable *obj = ray->mTerminationObject;
928
929	if (obj)
930	{
931	madeContrib =
932	mViewCellsManager->AddSampleToPvs(
933	obj,
934	ray->mTermination,
935	vc,
936	ray->mPdf,
937	contribution);
938
939	sc += contribution;
940	}
941
942	obj = ray->mOriginObject;
943
944	if (obj)
945	{
946	madeContrib =
947	mViewCellsManager->AddSampleToPvs(
948	obj,
949	ray->mOrigin,
950	vc,
951	ray->mPdf,
952	contribution);
953
954	sc += contribution;
955	}
956
957	if (madeContrib)
958	{
959	++ contributingSamples;
960	}
961
962	// store rays for visualization
963	if (0) leaf->mVssRays.push_back(new VssRay(*ray));
964	}
965	}
966
967
968	void VspTree::SortSubdivisionCandidates(const RayInfoContainer &rays,
969	const int axis,
970	float minBand,
971	float maxBand)
972	{
973	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->clear();
974
975	int requestedSize = 2 * (int)(rays.size());
976
977	// creates a sorted split candidates array
978	if (mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->capacity() > 500000 &&
979	requestedSize < (int)(mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->capacity() / 10) )
980	{
981	delete mLocalSubdivisionCandidates;
982	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates = new vector<SortableEntry>;
983	}
984
985	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->reserve(requestedSize);
986
987	float pos;
988	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = rays.end();
989
990	//-- insert all queries
991	for (rit = rays.begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
992	{
993	const bool positive = (*rit).mRay->HasPosDir(axis);
994
995	pos = (*rit).ExtrapOrigin(axis);
996
997	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->push_back(SortableEntry(positive ? SortableEntry::ERayMin : SortableEntry::ERayMax,
998	pos, (*rit).mRay));
999
1000	pos = (*rit).ExtrapTermination(axis);
1001
1002	mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->push_back(SortableEntry(positive ? SortableEntry::ERayMax : SortableEntry::ERayMin,
1003	pos, (*rit).mRay));
1004	}
1005
1006	stable_sort(mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->begin(), mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->end());
1007	}
1008
1009
1010	int VspTree::PrepareHeuristics(KdLeaf *leaf)
1011	{
1012	int pvsSize = 0;
1013
1014	if (!leaf->Mailed())
1015	{
1016	leaf->Mail();
1017	leaf->mCounter = 1;
1018	// add objects without the objects which are in several kd leaves
1019	pvsSize += (int)(leaf->mObjects.size() - leaf->mMultipleObjects.size());
1020	}
1021	else
1022	{
1023	++ leaf->mCounter;
1024	}
1025
1026	//-- the objects belonging to several leaves must be handled seperately
1027	ObjectContainer::const_iterator oit, oit_end = leaf->mMultipleObjects.end();
1028
1029	for (oit = leaf->mMultipleObjects.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
1030	{
1031	Intersectable object = oit;
1032
1033	if (!object->Mailed())
1034	{
1035	object->Mail();
1036	object->mCounter = 1;
1037
1038	++ pvsSize;
1039	}
1040	else
1041	{
1042	++ object->mCounter;
1043	}
1044	}
1045
1046	return pvsSize;
1047	}
1048
1049
1050	int VspTree::PrepareHeuristics(const RayInfoContainer &rays)
1051	{
1052	Intersectable::NewMail();
1053	KdNode::NewMail();
1054	BvhLeaf::NewMail();
1055
1056	int pvsSize = 0;
1057
1058	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator ri, ri_end = rays.end();
1059
1060	// set all kd nodes / objects as belonging to the front pvs
1061	for (ri = rays.begin(); ri != ri_end; ++ ri)
1062	{
1063	VssRay ray = (ri).mRay;
1064
1065	pvsSize += PrepareHeuristics(*ray, true);
1066	pvsSize += PrepareHeuristics(*ray, false);
1067	}
1068
1069	return pvsSize;
1070	}
1071
1072
1073	int VspTree::EvalMaxEventContribution(KdLeaf *leaf) const
1074	{
1075	int pvs = 0;
1076
1077	// leaf falls out of right pvs
1078	if (-- leaf->mCounter == 0)
1079	{
1080	pvs -= ((int)leaf->mObjects.size() - (int)leaf->mMultipleObjects.size());
1081	}
1082
1083	//-- separately handle objects which are in several kd leaves
1084
1085	ObjectContainer::const_iterator oit, oit_end = leaf->mMultipleObjects.end();
1086
1087	for (oit = leaf->mMultipleObjects.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
1088	{
1089	Intersectable object = oit;
1090
1091	if (-- object->mCounter == 0)
1092	{
1093	++ pvs;
1094	}
1095	}
1096
1097	return pvs;
1098	}
1099
1100
1101	int VspTree::EvalMinEventContribution(KdLeaf *leaf) const
1102	{
1103	if (leaf->Mailed())
1104	return 0;
1105
1106	leaf->Mail();
1107
1108	// add objects without those which are part of several kd leaves
1109	int pvs = ((int)leaf->mObjects.size() - (int)leaf->mMultipleObjects.size());
1110
1111	// separately handle objects which are part of several kd leaves
1112	ObjectContainer::const_iterator oit, oit_end = leaf->mMultipleObjects.end();
1113
1114	for (oit = leaf->mMultipleObjects.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
1115	{
1116	Intersectable object = oit;
1117
1118	// object not previously in pvs
1119	if (!object->Mailed())
1120	{
1121	object->Mail();
1122	++ pvs;
1123	}
1124	}
1125
1126	return pvs;
1127	}
1128
1129
1130	void VspTree::EvalHeuristics(const SortableEntry &ci,
1131	int &pvsLeft,
1132	int &pvsRight) const
1133	{
1134	VssRay *ray = ci.ray;
1135
1136	// eval changes in pvs causes by min event
1137	if (ci.type == SortableEntry::ERayMin)
1138	{
1139	pvsLeft += EvalMinEventContribution(*ray, true);
1140	pvsLeft += EvalMinEventContribution(*ray, false);
1141	}
1142	else // eval changes in pvs causes by max event
1143	{
1144	pvsRight -= EvalMaxEventContribution(*ray, true);
1145	pvsRight -= EvalMaxEventContribution(*ray, false);
1146	}
1147	}
1148
1149
1150	float VspTree::EvalLocalCostHeuristics(const VspTraversalData &tData,
1151	const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
1152	const int axis,
1153	float &position)
1154	{
1155	// get subset of rays
1156	RayInfoContainer usedRays;
1157
1158	if (mMaxTests < (int)tData.mRays->size())
1159	{
1160	GetRayInfoSets(*tData.mRays, mMaxTests, usedRays);
1161	}
1162	else
1163	{
1164	usedRays = *tData.mRays;
1165	}
1166
1167	const float minBox = box.Min(axis);
1168	const float maxBox = box.Max(axis);
1169
1170	const float sizeBox = maxBox - minBox;
1171
1172	const float minBand = minBox + mMinBand * sizeBox;
1173	const float maxBand = minBox + mMaxBand * sizeBox;
1174
1175	SortSubdivisionCandidates(usedRays, axis, minBand, maxBand);
1176
1177	// prepare the sweep
1178	// note: returns pvs size => no need t give pvs size as function parameter
1179	const int pvsSize = PrepareHeuristics(usedRays);
1180
1181	// go through the lists, count the number of objects left and right
1182	// and evaluate the following cost funcion:
1183	// C = ct_div_ci + (qlrl + qrrr)/queries
1184
1185	int pvsl = 0;
1186	int pvsr = pvsSize;
1187
1188	int pvsBack = pvsl;
1189	int pvsFront = pvsr;
1190
1191	float sum = (float)pvsSize * sizeBox;
1192	float minSum = 1e20f;
1193
1194	// if no good split can be found, take mid split
1195	position = minBox + 0.5f * sizeBox;
1196
1197	// the relative cost ratio
1198	float ratio = 99999999.0f;
1199	bool splitPlaneFound = false;
1200
1201	Intersectable::NewMail();
1202	KdLeaf::NewMail();
1203	BvhLeaf::NewMail();
1204
1205	//-- traverse through visibility events
1206	vector<SortableEntry>::const_iterator ci, ci_end = mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->end();
1207
1208	for (ci = mLocalSubdivisionCandidates->begin(); ci != ci_end; ++ ci)
1209	{
1210	// compute changes to front and back pvs
1211	EvalHeuristics(*ci, pvsl, pvsr);
1212
1213	// Note: sufficient to compare size of bounding boxes of front and back side?
1214	if (((ci).value >= minBand) && ((ci).value <= maxBand))
1215	{
1216	float currentPos;
1217
1218	// HACK: current positition is BETWEEN visibility events
1219	if (0 && ((ci + 1) != ci_end))
1220	currentPos = ((ci).value + ((ci + 1)).value) * 0.5f;
1221	else
1222	currentPos = (*ci).value;
1223
1224	sum = pvsl * ((ci).value - minBox) + pvsr (maxBox - (*ci).value);
1225
1226
1227	if (sum < minSum)
1228	{
1229	splitPlaneFound = true;
1230
1231	minSum = sum;
1232	position = currentPos;
1233
1234	pvsBack = pvsl;
1235	pvsFront = pvsr;
1236	}
1237	}
1238	}
1239
1240
1241	//-- compute cost
1242
1243	const int lowerPvsLimit = mViewCellsManager->GetMinPvsSize();
1244	const int upperPvsLimit = mViewCellsManager->GetMaxPvsSize();
1245
1246	const float pOverall = sizeBox;
1247	const float pBack = position - minBox;
1248	const float pFront = maxBox - position;
1249
1250	const float penaltyOld = EvalPvsPenalty(pvsSize, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1251	const float penaltyFront = EvalPvsPenalty(pvsFront, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1252	const float penaltyBack = EvalPvsPenalty(pvsBack, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1253
1254	const float oldRenderCost = penaltyOld * pOverall + Limits::Small;
1255	const float newRenderCost = penaltyFront * pFront + penaltyBack * pBack;
1256
1257	if (splitPlaneFound)
1258	{
1259	ratio = newRenderCost / oldRenderCost;
1260	}
1261
1262	const float volRatio = tData.mBoundingBox.GetVolume() / (sizeBox * mBoundingBox.GetVolume());
1263
1264	Debug << "\n§§§§ eval local cost §§§§" << endl
1265	<< "back pvs: " << penaltyBack << " front pvs: " << penaltyFront << " total pvs: " << penaltyOld << endl
1266	<< "back p: " << pBack * volRatio << " front p " << pFront * volRatio << " p: " << pOverall * volRatio << endl
1267	<< "old rc: " << oldRenderCost * volRatio << " new rc: " << newRenderCost * volRatio << endl
1268	<< "render cost decrease: " << oldRenderCost * volRatio - newRenderCost * volRatio << endl;
1269
1270	return ratio;
1271	}
1272
1273
1274	float VspTree::SelectSplitPlane(const VspTraversalData &tData,
1275	AxisAlignedPlane &plane,
1276	float &pFront,
1277	float &pBack)
1278	{
1279	float nPosition[3];
1280	float nCostRatio[3];
1281	float nProbFront[3];
1282	float nProbBack[3];
1283
1284	// create bounding box of node geometry
1285	AxisAlignedBox3 box = tData.mBoundingBox;
1286
1287	int sAxis = 0;
1288	int bestAxis = -1;
1289
1290	// if we use some kind of specialised fixed axis
1291	const bool useSpecialAxis =
1292	mOnlyDrivingAxis \|\| mCirculatingAxis;
1293
1294	if (mCirculatingAxis)
1295	{
1296	int parentAxis = 0;
1297	VspNode *parent = tData.mNode->GetParent();
1298
1299	if (parent)
1300	parentAxis = dynamic_cast<VspInterior *>(parent)->GetAxis();
1301
1302	sAxis = (parentAxis + 1) % 3;
1303	}
1304	else if (mOnlyDrivingAxis)
1305	{
1306	sAxis = box.Size().DrivingAxis();
1307	}
1308
1309	for (int axis = 0; axis < 3; ++ axis)
1310	{
1311	if (!useSpecialAxis \|\| (axis == sAxis))
1312	{
1313	if (mUseCostHeuristics)
1314	{
1315	//-- place split plane using heuristics
1316	nCostRatio[axis] =
1317	EvalLocalCostHeuristics(tData,
1318	box,
1319	axis,
1320	nPosition[axis]);
1321	}
1322	else
1323	{
1324	//-- split plane position is spatial median
1325	nPosition[axis] = (box.Min()[axis] + box.Max()[axis]) * 0.5f;
1326	nCostRatio[axis] = EvalLocalSplitCost(tData,
1327	box,
1328	axis,
1329	nPosition[axis],
1330	nProbFront[axis],
1331	nProbBack[axis]);
1332	}
1333
1334	if (bestAxis == -1)
1335	{
1336	bestAxis = axis;
1337	}
1338	else if (nCostRatio[axis] < nCostRatio[bestAxis])
1339	{
1340	bestAxis = axis;
1341	}
1342	}
1343	}
1344
1345	//-- assign values of best split
1346	plane.mAxis = bestAxis;
1347	plane.mPosition = nPosition[bestAxis]; // split plane position
1348
1349	pFront = nProbFront[bestAxis];
1350	pBack = nProbBack[bestAxis];
1351
1352	return nCostRatio[bestAxis];
1353	}
1354
1355
1356	float VspTree::EvalRenderCostDecrease(const AxisAlignedPlane &candidatePlane,
1357	const VspTraversalData &data,
1358	float &normalizedOldRenderCost) const
1359	{
1360	float pvsFront = 0;
1361	float pvsBack = 0;
1362	float totalPvs = 0;
1363
1364	const float viewSpaceVol = mBoundingBox.GetVolume();
1365
1366	// create unique ids for pvs heuristics
1367	Intersectable::NewMail(3);
1368	KdLeaf::NewMail(3);
1369	BvhLeaf::NewMail(3);
1370
1371	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = data.mRays->end();
1372
1373	for (rit = data.mRays->begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
1374	{
1375	RayInfo rayInf = *rit;
1376
1377	float t;
1378	VssRay *ray = rayInf.mRay;
1379
1380	// classify ray
1381	const int cf =
1382	rayInf.ComputeRayIntersection(candidatePlane.mAxis,
1383	candidatePlane.mPosition, t);
1384
1385	// evaluate contribution of ray endpoint to front and back pvs
1386	// with respect to the classification
1387	UpdateContributionsToPvs(*ray, true, cf, pvsFront, pvsBack, totalPvs);
1388	UpdateContributionsToPvs(*ray, false, cf, pvsFront, pvsBack, totalPvs);
1389	}
1390
1391	AxisAlignedBox3 frontBox;
1392	AxisAlignedBox3 backBox;
1393
1394	data.mBoundingBox.Split(candidatePlane.mAxis, candidatePlane.mPosition, frontBox, backBox);
1395
1396	// probability that view point lies in back / front node
1397	float pOverall = data.mProbability;
1398	float pFront = pFront = frontBox.GetVolume();
1399	float pBack = pOverall - pFront;
1400
1401
1402	//-- pvs rendering heuristics
1403
1404	const int lowerPvsLimit = mViewCellsManager->GetMinPvsSize();
1405	const int upperPvsLimit = mViewCellsManager->GetMaxPvsSize();
1406
1407	// only render cost heuristics or combined with standard deviation
1408	const float penaltyOld = EvalPvsPenalty((int)totalPvs, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1409	const float penaltyFront = EvalPvsPenalty((int)pvsFront, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1410	const float penaltyBack = EvalPvsPenalty((int)pvsBack, lowerPvsLimit, upperPvsLimit);
1411
1412	const float oldRenderCost = pOverall * penaltyOld;
1413	const float newRenderCost = penaltyFront * pFront + penaltyBack * pBack;
1414
1415	normalizedOldRenderCost = oldRenderCost / viewSpaceVol;
1416
1417	const float renderCostDecrease = (oldRenderCost - newRenderCost) / viewSpaceVol;
1418
1419	Debug << "\neval vsp render cost decrease" << endl
1420	<< "back pvs: " << pvsBack << " front pvs " << pvsFront << " total pvs: " << totalPvs << endl
1421	<< "back p: " << pBack / viewSpaceVol << " front p " << pFront / viewSpaceVol << " p: " << pOverall / viewSpaceVol << endl
1422	<< "old rc: " << normalizedOldRenderCost << " new rc: " << newRenderCost / viewSpaceVol << endl
1423	<< "render cost decrease: " << renderCostDecrease << endl;
1424
1425	return renderCostDecrease;
1426	}
1427
1428
1429
1430	float VspTree::EvalLocalSplitCost(const VspTraversalData &data,
1431	const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
1432	const int axis,
1433	const float &position,
1434	float &pFront,
1435	float &pBack) const
1436	{
1437	float pvsTotal = 0;
1438	float pvsFront = 0;
1439	float pvsBack = 0;
1440
1441	// create unique ids for pvs heuristics
1442	Intersectable::NewMail(3);
1443	BvhLeaf::NewMail(3);
1444	KdLeaf::NewMail(3);
1445
1446	const int pvsSize = data.mPvs;
1447
1448	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = data.mRays->end();
1449
1450	// this is the main ray classification loop!
1451	for(rit = data.mRays->begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
1452	{
1453	VssRay ray = (rit).mRay;
1454
1455	// determine the side of this ray with respect to the plane
1456	float t;
1457	const int side = (*rit).ComputeRayIntersection(axis, position, t);
1458
1459	UpdateContributionsToPvs(*ray, true, side, pvsFront, pvsBack, pvsTotal);
1460	UpdateContributionsToPvs(*ray, false, side, pvsFront, pvsBack, pvsTotal);
1461	}
1462
1463
1464	//-- evaluate cost heuristics
1465
1466	float pOverall = data.mProbability;
1467
1468	// we use spatial mid split => simplified computation
1469	pBack = pFront = pOverall * 0.5f;
1470
1471	const float newCost = pvsBack * pBack + pvsFront * pFront;
1472	const float oldCost = (float)pvsSize * pOverall + Limits::Small;
1473
1474	#ifdef _DEBUG
1475	Debug << "axis: " << axis << " " << pvsSize << " " << pvsBack << " " << pvsFront << endl;
1476	Debug << "p: " << pFront << " " << pBack << " " << pOverall << endl;
1477	#endif
1478
1479	return (mCtDivCi + newCost) / oldCost;
1480	}
1481
1482
1483	void VspTree::UpdateContributionsToPvs(Intersectable *obj,
1484	const int cf,
1485	float &frontPvs,
1486	float &backPvs,
1487	float &totalPvs) const
1488	{
1489	if (!obj) return;
1490
1491	//const float renderCost = mViewCellsManager->SimpleRay &raynderCost(obj);
1492	const int renderCost = 1;
1493
1494	// object in no pvs => new
1495	if (!obj->Mailed() && !obj->Mailed(1) && !obj->Mailed(2))
1496	{
1497	totalPvs += renderCost;
1498	}
1499
1500	// QUESTION matt: is it safe to assume that
1501	// the object belongs to no pvs in this case?
1502	//if (cf == Ray::COINCIDENT) return;
1503
1504	if (cf >= 0) // front pvs
1505	{
1506	if (!obj->Mailed() && !obj->Mailed(2))
1507	{
1508	frontPvs += renderCost;
1509
1510	// already in back pvs => in both pvss
1511	if (obj->Mailed(1))
1512	obj->Mail(2);
1513	else
1514	obj->Mail();
1515	}
1516	}
1517
1518	if (cf <= 0) // back pvs
1519	{
1520	if (!obj->Mailed(1) && !obj->Mailed(2))
1521	{
1522	backPvs += renderCost;
1523
1524	// already in front pvs => in both pvss
1525	if (obj->Mailed())
1526	obj->Mail(2);
1527	else
1528	obj->Mail(1);
1529	}
1530	}
1531	}
1532
1533
1534	void VspTree::UpdateContributionsToPvs(BvhLeaf *leaf,
1535	const int cf,
1536	float &frontPvs,
1537	float &backPvs,
1538	float &totalPvs) const
1539	{
1540	if (!leaf) return;
1541
1542	const int renderCost = (int)leaf->mObjects.size();
1543
1544	// leaf in no pvs => new
1545	if (!leaf->Mailed() && !leaf->Mailed(1) && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1546	{
1547	totalPvs += renderCost;
1548	}
1549
1550	// QUESTION matt: is it safe to assume that
1551	// the leaf belongs to no pvs in this case?
1552	//if (cf == Ray::COINCIDENT) return;
1553
1554	if (cf >= 0) // front pvs
1555	{
1556	if (!leaf->Mailed() && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1557	{
1558	frontPvs += renderCost;
1559
1560	// already in back pvs => in both pvss
1561	if (leaf->Mailed(1))
1562	leaf->Mail(2);
1563	else
1564	leaf->Mail();
1565	}
1566	}
1567
1568	if (cf <= 0) // back pvs
1569	{
1570	if (!leaf->Mailed(1) && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1571	{
1572	backPvs += renderCost;
1573
1574	// already in front pvs => in both pvss
1575	if (leaf->Mailed())
1576	{
1577	leaf->Mail(2);
1578	}
1579	else
1580	leaf->Mail(1);
1581	}
1582	}
1583	}
1584
1585
1586
1587	void VspTree::UpdateContributionsToPvs(KdLeaf *leaf,
1588	const int cf,
1589	float &frontPvs,
1590	float &backPvs,
1591	float &totalPvs) const
1592	{
1593	if (!leaf) return;
1594
1595	// the objects which are referenced in this and only this leaf
1596	const int contri = (int)(leaf->mObjects.size() - leaf->mMultipleObjects.size());
1597
1598	// newly found leaf
1599	if (!leaf->Mailed() && !leaf->Mailed(1) && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1600	{
1601	totalPvs += contri;
1602	}
1603
1604	// recursivly update contributions of yet unclassified objects
1605	ObjectContainer::const_iterator oit, oit_end = leaf->mMultipleObjects.end();
1606
1607	for (oit = leaf->mMultipleObjects.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
1608	{
1609	UpdateContributionsToPvs(*oit, cf, frontPvs, backPvs, totalPvs);
1610	}
1611
1612	// QUESTION matt: is it safe to assume that
1613	// the object belongs to no pvs in this case?
1614	//if (cf == Ray::COINCIDENT) return;
1615
1616	if (cf >= 0) // front pvs
1617	{
1618	if (!leaf->Mailed() && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1619	{
1620	frontPvs += contri;
1621
1622	// already in back pvs => in both pvss
1623	if (leaf->Mailed(1))
1624	leaf->Mail(2);
1625	else
1626	leaf->Mail();
1627	}
1628	}
1629
1630	if (cf <= 0) // back pvs
1631	{
1632	if (!leaf->Mailed(1) && !leaf->Mailed(2))
1633	{
1634	backPvs += contri;
1635
1636	// already in front pvs => in both pvss
1637	if (leaf->Mailed())
1638	leaf->Mail(2);
1639	else
1640	leaf->Mail(1);
1641	}
1642	}
1643	}
1644
1645
1646	void VspTree::CollectLeaves(vector<VspLeaf *> &leaves,
1647	const bool onlyUnmailed,
1648	const int maxPvsSize) const
1649	{
1650	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1651	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
1652
1653	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1654	{
1655	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1656	nodeStack.pop();
1657
1658	if (node->IsLeaf())
1659	{
1660	// test if this leaf is in valid view space
1661	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
1662	if (leaf->TreeValid() &&
1663	(!onlyUnmailed \|\| !leaf->Mailed()) &&
1664	((maxPvsSize < 0) \|\| (leaf->GetViewCell()->GetPvs().CountObjectsInPvs() <= maxPvsSize)))
1665	{
1666	leaves.push_back(leaf);
1667	}
1668	}
1669	else
1670	{
1671	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1672
1673	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1674	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1675	}
1676	}
1677	}
1678
1679
1680	AxisAlignedBox3 VspTree::GetBoundingBox() const
1681	{
1682	return mBoundingBox;
1683	}
1684
1685
1686	VspNode *VspTree::GetRoot() const
1687	{
1688	return mRoot;
1689	}
1690
1691
1692	void VspTree::EvaluateLeafStats(const VspTraversalData &data)
1693	{
1694	// the node became a leaf -> evaluate stats for leafs
1695	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(data.mNode);
1696
1697
1698	if (data.mPvs > mVspStats.maxPvs)
1699	{
1700	mVspStats.maxPvs = data.mPvs;
1701	}
1702
1703	mVspStats.pvs += data.mPvs;
1704
1705	if (data.mDepth < mVspStats.minDepth)
1706	{
1707	mVspStats.minDepth = data.mDepth;
1708	}
1709
1710	if (data.mDepth >= mTermMaxDepth)
1711	{
1712	++ mVspStats.maxDepthNodes;
1713	//Debug << "new max depth: " << mVspStats.maxDepthNodes << endl;
1714	}
1715
1716	// accumulate rays to compute rays / leaf
1717	mVspStats.accumRays += (int)data.mRays->size();
1718
1719	if (data.mPvs < mTermMinPvs)
1720	++ mVspStats.minPvsNodes;
1721
1722	if ((int)data.mRays->size() < mTermMinRays)
1723	++ mVspStats.minRaysNodes;
1724
1725	if (data.GetAvgRayContribution() > mTermMaxRayContribution)
1726	++ mVspStats.maxRayContribNodes;
1727
1728	if (data.mProbability <= mTermMinProbability)
1729	++ mVspStats.minProbabilityNodes;
1730
1731	// accumulate depth to compute average depth
1732	mVspStats.accumDepth += data.mDepth;
1733
1734	++ mCreatedViewCells;
1735
1736	#ifdef _DEBUG
1737	Debug << "BSP stats: "
1738	<< "Depth: " << data.mDepth << " (max: " << mTermMaxDepth << "), "
1739	<< "PVS: " << data.mPvs << " (min: " << mTermMinPvs << "), "
1740	<< "#rays: " << (int)data.mRays->size() << " (max: " << mTermMinRays << "), "
1741	<< "#pvs: " << leaf->GetViewCell()->GetPvs().CountObjectsInPvs() << "), "
1742	<< "#avg ray contrib (pvs): " << (float)data.mPvs / (float)data.mRays->size() << endl;
1743	#endif
1744	}
1745
1746
1747	void VspTree::CollectViewCells(ViewCellContainer &viewCells, bool onlyValid) const
1748	{
1749	ViewCell::NewMail();
1750	CollectViewCells(mRoot, onlyValid, viewCells, true);
1751	}
1752
1753
1754	void VspTree::CollapseViewCells()
1755	{
1756	// TODO matt
1757	#if HAS_TO_BE_REDONE
1758	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1759
1760	if (!mRoot)
1761	return;
1762
1763	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
1764
1765	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1766	{
1767	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1768	nodeStack.pop();
1769
1770	if (node->IsLeaf())
1771	{
1772	BspViewCell viewCell = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node)->GetViewCell();
1773
1774	if (!viewCell->GetValid())
1775	{
1776	BspViewCell viewCell = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node)->GetViewCell();
1777
1778	ViewCellContainer leaves;
1779	mViewCellsTree->CollectLeaves(viewCell, leaves);
1780
1781	ViewCellContainer::const_iterator it, it_end = leaves.end();
1782
1783	for (it = leaves.begin(); it != it_end; ++ it)
1784	{
1785	VspLeaf l = dynamic_cast<BspViewCell >(*it)->mLeaf;
1786	l->SetViewCell(GetOrCreateOutOfBoundsCell());
1787	++ mVspStats.invalidLeaves;
1788	}
1789
1790	// add to unbounded view cell
1791	GetOrCreateOutOfBoundsCell()->GetPvs().AddPvs(viewCell->GetPvs());
1792	DEL_PTR(viewCell);
1793	}
1794	}
1795	else
1796	{
1797	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1798
1799	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1800	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1801	}
1802	}
1803
1804	Debug << "invalid leaves: " << mVspStats.invalidLeaves << endl;
1805	#endif
1806	}
1807
1808
1809	void VspTree::CollectRays(VssRayContainer &rays)
1810	{
1811	vector<VspLeaf *> leaves;
1812	CollectLeaves(leaves);
1813
1814	vector<VspLeaf *>::const_iterator lit, lit_end = leaves.end();
1815
1816	for (lit = leaves.begin(); lit != lit_end; ++ lit)
1817	{
1818	VspLeaf leaf = lit;
1819	VssRayContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = leaf->mVssRays.end();
1820
1821	for (rit = leaf->mVssRays.begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
1822	rays.push_back(*rit);
1823	}
1824	}
1825
1826
1827	void VspTree::SetViewCellsManager(ViewCellsManager *vcm)
1828	{
1829	mViewCellsManager = vcm;
1830	}
1831
1832
1833	void VspTree::ValidateTree()
1834	{
1835	mVspStats.invalidLeaves = 0;
1836
1837	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1838
1839	if (!mRoot)
1840	return;
1841
1842	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
1843
1844	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1845	{
1846	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1847	nodeStack.pop();
1848
1849	if (node->IsLeaf())
1850	{
1851	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
1852
1853	if (!leaf->GetViewCell()->GetValid())
1854	++ mVspStats.invalidLeaves;
1855
1856	// validity flags don't match => repair
1857	if (leaf->GetViewCell()->GetValid() != leaf->TreeValid())
1858	{
1859	leaf->SetTreeValid(leaf->GetViewCell()->GetValid());
1860	PropagateUpValidity(leaf);
1861	}
1862	}
1863	else
1864	{
1865	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1866
1867	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1868	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1869	}
1870	}
1871
1872	Debug << "invalid leaves: " << mVspStats.invalidLeaves << endl;
1873	}
1874
1875
1876
1877	void VspTree::CollectViewCells(VspNode *root,
1878	bool onlyValid,
1879	ViewCellContainer &viewCells,
1880	bool onlyUnmailed) const
1881	{
1882	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1883
1884	if (!root)
1885	return;
1886
1887	nodeStack.push(root);
1888
1889	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1890	{
1891	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1892	nodeStack.pop();
1893
1894	if (node->IsLeaf())
1895	{
1896	if (!onlyValid \|\| node->TreeValid())
1897	{
1898	ViewCellLeaf leafVc = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node)->GetViewCell();
1899
1900	ViewCell *viewCell = mViewCellsTree->GetActiveViewCell(leafVc);
1901
1902	if (!onlyUnmailed \|\| !viewCell->Mailed())
1903	{
1904	viewCell->Mail();
1905	viewCells.push_back(viewCell);
1906	}
1907	}
1908	}
1909	else
1910	{
1911	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1912
1913	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1914	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1915	}
1916	}
1917	}
1918
1919
1920	int VspTree::FindNeighbors(VspLeaf *n,
1921	vector<VspLeaf *> &neighbors,
1922	const bool onlyUnmailed) const
1923	{
1924	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1925	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
1926
1927	const AxisAlignedBox3 box = GetBoundingBox(n);
1928
1929	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1930	{
1931	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1932	nodeStack.pop();
1933
1934	if (node->IsLeaf())
1935	{
1936	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
1937
1938	if (leaf != n && (!onlyUnmailed \|\| !leaf->Mailed()))
1939	neighbors.push_back(leaf);
1940	}
1941	else
1942	{
1943	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1944
1945	if (interior->GetPosition() > box.Max(interior->GetAxis()))
1946	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1947	else
1948	{
1949	if (interior->GetPosition() < box.Min(interior->GetAxis()))
1950	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1951	else
1952	{
1953	// random decision
1954	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
1955	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
1956	}
1957	}
1958	}
1959	}
1960
1961	return (int)neighbors.size();
1962	}
1963
1964
1965	// Find random neighbor which was not mailed
1966	VspLeaf *VspTree::GetRandomLeaf(const Plane3 &plane)
1967	{
1968	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
1969	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
1970
1971	int mask = rand();
1972
1973	while (!nodeStack.empty())
1974	{
1975	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
1976
1977	nodeStack.pop();
1978
1979	if (node->IsLeaf())
1980	{
1981	return dynamic_cast<VspLeaf *>(node);
1982	}
1983	else
1984	{
1985	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
1986	VspNode *next;
1987
1988	if (GetBoundingBox(interior->GetBack()).Side(plane) < 0)
1989	{
1990	next = interior->GetFront();
1991	}
1992	else
1993	{
1994	if (GetBoundingBox(interior->GetFront()).Side(plane) < 0)
1995	{
1996	next = interior->GetBack();
1997	}
1998	else
1999	{
2000	// random decision
2001	if (mask & 1)
2002	next = interior->GetBack();
2003	else
2004	next = interior->GetFront();
2005	mask = mask >> 1;
2006	}
2007	}
2008
2009	nodeStack.push(next);
2010	}
2011	}
2012
2013	return NULL;
2014	}
2015
2016
2017	VspLeaf *VspTree::GetRandomLeaf(const bool onlyUnmailed)
2018	{
2019	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
2020
2021	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
2022
2023	int mask = rand();
2024
2025	while (!nodeStack.empty())
2026	{
2027	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
2028	nodeStack.pop();
2029
2030	if (node->IsLeaf())
2031	{
2032	if ( (!onlyUnmailed \|\| !node->Mailed()) )
2033	return dynamic_cast<VspLeaf *>(node);
2034	}
2035	else
2036	{
2037	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2038
2039	// random decision
2040	if (mask & 1)
2041	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
2042	else
2043	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
2044
2045	mask = mask >> 1;
2046	}
2047	}
2048
2049	return NULL;
2050	}
2051
2052
2053	int VspTree::EvalPvsSize(const RayInfoContainer &rays) const
2054	{
2055	int pvsSize = 0;
2056
2057	Intersectable::NewMail();
2058	KdNode::NewMail();
2059	BvhLeaf::NewMail();
2060
2061	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = rays.end();
2062
2063	for (rit = rays.begin(); rit != rays.end(); ++ rit)
2064	{
2065	VssRay ray = (rit).mRay;
2066
2067	pvsSize += EvalContributionToPvs(*ray, true);
2068	pvsSize += EvalContributionToPvs(*ray, false);
2069	}
2070
2071	return pvsSize;
2072	}
2073
2074
2075	float VspTree::GetEpsilon() const
2076	{
2077	return mEpsilon;
2078	}
2079
2080
2081	int VspTree::CastLineSegment(const Vector3 &origin,
2082	const Vector3 &termination,
2083	ViewCellContainer &viewcells,
2084	const bool useMailboxing)
2085	{
2086	int hits = 0;
2087
2088	float mint = 0.0f, maxt = 1.0f;
2089	const Vector3 dir = termination - origin;
2090
2091	stack<LineTraversalData> tStack;
2092
2093	Vector3 entp = origin;
2094	Vector3 extp = termination;
2095
2096	VspNode *node = mRoot;
2097	VspNode *farChild;
2098
2099	float position;
2100	int axis;
2101
2102	while (1)
2103	{
2104	if (!node->IsLeaf())
2105	{
2106	VspInterior in = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2107	position = in->GetPosition();
2108	axis = in->GetAxis();
2109
2110	if (entp[axis] <= position)
2111	{
2112	if (extp[axis] <= position)
2113	{
2114	node = in->GetBack();
2115	// cases N1,N2,N3,P5,Z2,Z3
2116	continue;
2117	} else
2118	{
2119	// case N4
2120	node = in->GetBack();
2121	farChild = in->GetFront();
2122	}
2123	}
2124	else
2125	{
2126	if (position <= extp[axis])
2127	{
2128	node = in->GetFront();
2129	// cases P1,P2,P3,N5,Z1
2130	continue;
2131	}
2132	else
2133	{
2134	node = in->GetFront();
2135	farChild = in->GetBack();
2136	// case P4
2137	}
2138	}
2139
2140	// $$ modification 3.5.2004 - hints from Kamil Ghais
2141	// case N4 or P4
2142	const float tdist = (position - origin[axis]) / dir[axis];
2143	tStack.push(LineTraversalData(farChild, extp, maxt)); //TODO
2144
2145	extp = origin + dir * tdist;
2146	maxt = tdist;
2147	}
2148	else
2149	{
2150	// compute intersection with all objects in this leaf
2151	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
2152	ViewCell *vc = leaf->GetViewCell();
2153
2154	// don't have to mail if each view cell belongs to exactly one leaf
2155	if (!useMailboxing \|\| !vc->Mailed())
2156	{
2157	if (useMailboxing)
2158	vc->Mail();
2159
2160	viewcells.push_back(vc);
2161	++ hits;
2162	}
2163	#if 0
2164	leaf->mRays.push_back(RayInfo(new VssRay(origin, termination, NULL, NULL, 0)));
2165	#endif
2166	// get the next node from the stack
2167	if (tStack.empty())
2168	break;
2169
2170	entp = extp;
2171	mint = maxt;
2172
2173	LineTraversalData &s = tStack.top();
2174	node = s.mNode;
2175	extp = s.mExitPoint;
2176	maxt = s.mMaxT;
2177	tStack.pop();
2178	}
2179	}
2180
2181	return hits;
2182	}
2183
2184
2185	int VspTree::CastRay(Ray &ray)
2186	{
2187	int hits = 0;
2188
2189	stack<LineTraversalData> tStack;
2190	const Vector3 dir = ray.GetDir();
2191
2192	float maxt, mint;
2193
2194	if (!mBoundingBox.GetRaySegment(ray, mint, maxt))
2195	return 0;
2196
2197	Intersectable::NewMail();
2198	ViewCell::NewMail();
2199
2200	Vector3 entp = ray.Extrap(mint);
2201	Vector3 extp = ray.Extrap(maxt);
2202
2203	const Vector3 origin = entp;
2204
2205	VspNode *node = mRoot;
2206	VspNode *farChild = NULL;
2207
2208	float position;
2209	int axis;
2210
2211	while (1)
2212	{
2213	if (!node->IsLeaf())
2214	{
2215	VspInterior in = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2216	position = in->GetPosition();
2217	axis = in->GetAxis();
2218
2219	if (entp[axis] <= position)
2220	{
2221	if (extp[axis] <= position)
2222	{
2223	node = in->GetBack();
2224	// cases N1,N2,N3,P5,Z2,Z3
2225	continue;
2226	}
2227	else
2228	{
2229	// case N4
2230	node = in->GetBack();
2231	farChild = in->GetFront();
2232	}
2233	}
2234	else
2235	{
2236	if (position <= extp[axis])
2237	{
2238	node = in->GetFront();
2239	// cases P1,P2,P3,N5,Z1
2240	continue;
2241	}
2242	else
2243	{
2244	node = in->GetFront();
2245	farChild = in->GetBack();
2246	// case P4
2247	}
2248	}
2249
2250	// $$ modification 3.5.2004 - hints from Kamil Ghais
2251	// case N4 or P4
2252	const float tdist = (position - origin[axis]) / dir[axis];
2253	tStack.push(LineTraversalData(farChild, extp, maxt)); //TODO
2254	extp = origin + dir * tdist;
2255	maxt = tdist;
2256	}
2257	else
2258	{
2259	// compute intersection with all objects in this leaf
2260	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
2261	ViewCell *vc = leaf->GetViewCell();
2262
2263	if (!vc->Mailed())
2264	{
2265	vc->Mail();
2266	// todo: add view cells to ray
2267	++ hits;
2268	}
2269	#if 0
2270	leaf->mRays.push_back(RayInfo(new VssRay(origin, termination, NULL, NULL, 0)));
2271	#endif
2272	// get the next node from the stack
2273	if (tStack.empty())
2274	break;
2275
2276	entp = extp;
2277	mint = maxt;
2278
2279	LineTraversalData &s = tStack.top();
2280	node = s.mNode;
2281	extp = s.mExitPoint;
2282	maxt = s.mMaxT;
2283	tStack.pop();
2284	}
2285	}
2286
2287	return hits;
2288	}
2289
2290
2291	ViewCell *VspTree::GetViewCell(const Vector3 &point, const bool active)
2292	{
2293	if (mRoot == NULL)
2294	return NULL;
2295
2296	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
2297	nodeStack.push(mRoot);
2298
2299	ViewCellLeaf *viewcell = NULL;
2300
2301	while (!nodeStack.empty())
2302	{
2303	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
2304	nodeStack.pop();
2305
2306	if (node->IsLeaf())
2307	{
2308	viewcell = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf *>(node)->GetViewCell();
2309	break;
2310	}
2311	else
2312	{
2313	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2314
2315	// random decision
2316	if (interior->GetPosition() - point[interior->GetAxis()] < 0)
2317	nodeStack.push(interior->GetBack());
2318	else
2319	nodeStack.push(interior->GetFront());
2320	}
2321	}
2322
2323	if (active)
2324	return mViewCellsTree->GetActiveViewCell(viewcell);
2325	else
2326	return viewcell;
2327	}
2328
2329
2330	bool VspTree::ViewPointValid(const Vector3 &viewPoint) const
2331	{
2332	VspNode *node = mRoot;
2333
2334	while (1)
2335	{
2336	// early exit
2337	if (node->TreeValid())
2338	return true;
2339
2340	if (node->IsLeaf())
2341	return false;
2342
2343	VspInterior in = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2344
2345	if (in->GetPosition() - viewPoint[in->GetAxis()] <= 0)
2346	{
2347	node = in->GetBack();
2348	}
2349	else
2350	{
2351	node = in->GetFront();
2352	}
2353	}
2354
2355	// should never come here
2356	return false;
2357	}
2358
2359
2360	void VspTree::PropagateUpValidity(VspNode *node)
2361	{
2362	const bool isValid = node->TreeValid();
2363
2364	// propagative up invalid flag until only invalid nodes exist over this node
2365	if (!isValid)
2366	{
2367	while (!node->IsRoot() && node->GetParent()->TreeValid())
2368	{
2369	node = node->GetParent();
2370	node->SetTreeValid(false);
2371	}
2372	}
2373	else
2374	{
2375	// propagative up valid flag until one of the subtrees is invalid
2376	while (!node->IsRoot() && !node->TreeValid())
2377	{
2378	node = node->GetParent();
2379	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2380
2381	// the parent is valid iff both leaves are valid
2382	node->SetTreeValid(interior->GetBack()->TreeValid() &&
2383	interior->GetFront()->TreeValid());
2384	}
2385	}
2386	}
2387
2388
2389	bool VspTree::Export(OUT_STREAM &stream)
2390	{
2391	ExportNode(mRoot, stream);
2392
2393	return true;
2394	}
2395
2396
2397	void VspTree::ExportNode(VspNode *node, OUT_STREAM &stream)
2398	{
2399	if (node->IsLeaf())
2400	{
2401	VspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<VspLeaf >(node);
2402	ViewCell *viewCell = mViewCellsTree->GetActiveViewCell(leaf->GetViewCell());
2403
2404	int id = -1;
2405	if (viewCell != mOutOfBoundsCell)
2406	id = viewCell->GetId();
2407
2408	stream << "<Leaf viewCellId=\"" << id << "\" />" << endl;
2409	}
2410	else
2411	{
2412	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2413
2414	AxisAlignedPlane plane = interior->GetPlane();
2415	stream << "<Interior plane=\"" << plane.mPosition << " "
2416	<< plane.mAxis << "\">" << endl;
2417
2418	ExportNode(interior->GetBack(), stream);
2419	ExportNode(interior->GetFront(), stream);
2420
2421	stream << "</Interior>" << endl;
2422	}
2423	}
2424
2425
2426	int VspTree::SplitRays(const AxisAlignedPlane &plane,
2427	RayInfoContainer &rays,
2428	RayInfoContainer &frontRays,
2429	RayInfoContainer &backRays) const
2430	{
2431	int splits = 0;
2432
2433	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = rays.end();
2434
2435	for (rit = rays.begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
2436	{
2437	RayInfo bRay = *rit;
2438
2439	VssRay *ray = bRay.mRay;
2440	float t;
2441
2442	// get classification and receive new t
2443	// test if start point behind or in front of plane
2444	const int side = bRay.ComputeRayIntersection(plane.mAxis, plane.mPosition, t);
2445
2446	if (side == 0)
2447	{
2448	++ splits;
2449
2450	if (ray->HasPosDir(plane.mAxis))
2451	{
2452	backRays.push_back(RayInfo(ray, bRay.GetMinT(), t));
2453	frontRays.push_back(RayInfo(ray, t, bRay.GetMaxT()));
2454	}
2455	else
2456	{
2457	frontRays.push_back(RayInfo(ray, bRay.GetMinT(), t));
2458	backRays.push_back(RayInfo(ray, t, bRay.GetMaxT()));
2459	}
2460	}
2461	else if (side == 1)
2462	{
2463	frontRays.push_back(bRay);
2464	}
2465	else
2466	{
2467	backRays.push_back(bRay);
2468	}
2469	}
2470
2471	return splits;
2472	}
2473
2474
2475	AxisAlignedBox3 VspTree::GetBoundingBox(VspNode *node) const
2476	{
2477	if (!node->GetParent())
2478	return mBoundingBox;
2479
2480	if (!node->IsLeaf())
2481	{
2482	return (dynamic_cast<VspInterior *>(node))->GetBoundingBox();
2483	}
2484
2485	VspInterior parent = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node->GetParent());
2486
2487	AxisAlignedBox3 box(parent->GetBoundingBox());
2488
2489	if (parent->GetFront() == node)
2490	box.SetMin(parent->GetAxis(), parent->GetPosition());
2491	else
2492	box.SetMax(parent->GetAxis(), parent->GetPosition());
2493
2494	return box;
2495	}
2496
2497
2498	int VspTree::ComputeBoxIntersections(const AxisAlignedBox3 &box,
2499	ViewCellContainer &viewCells) const
2500	{
2501	stack<VspNode *> nodeStack;
2502
2503	ViewCell::NewMail();
2504
2505	while (!nodeStack.empty())
2506	{
2507	VspNode *node = nodeStack.top();
2508	nodeStack.pop();
2509
2510	const AxisAlignedBox3 bbox = GetBoundingBox(node);
2511
2512	if (bbox.Includes(box))
2513	{
2514	// node geometry is contained in box
2515	CollectViewCells(node, true, viewCells, true);
2516	}
2517	else if (Overlap(bbox, box))
2518	{
2519	if (node->IsLeaf())
2520	{
2521	BspLeaf leaf = dynamic_cast<BspLeaf >(node);
2522
2523	if (!leaf->GetViewCell()->Mailed() && leaf->TreeValid())
2524	{
2525	leaf->GetViewCell()->Mail();
2526	viewCells.push_back(leaf->GetViewCell());
2527	}
2528	}
2529	else
2530	{
2531	VspInterior interior = dynamic_cast<VspInterior >(node);
2532
2533	VspNode *first = interior->GetFront();
2534	VspNode *second = interior->GetBack();
2535
2536	nodeStack.push(first);
2537	nodeStack.push(second);
2538	}
2539	}
2540	// default: cull
2541	}
2542
2543	return (int)viewCells.size();
2544	}
2545
2546
2547	void VspTree::PreprocessRays(const VssRayContainer &sampleRays,
2548	RayInfoContainer &rays)
2549	{
2550	VssRayContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = sampleRays.end();
2551
2552	long startTime = GetTime();
2553
2554	cout << "storing rays ... ";
2555
2556	Intersectable::NewMail();
2557
2558	//-- store rays and objects
2559	for (rit = sampleRays.begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
2560	{
2561	VssRay ray = rit;
2562	float minT, maxT;
2563	static Ray hray;
2564
2565	hray.Init(*ray);
2566
2567	// TODO: not very efficient to implictly cast between rays types
2568	if (GetBoundingBox().GetRaySegment(hray, minT, maxT))
2569	{
2570	float len = ray->Length();
2571
2572	if (!len)
2573	len = Limits::Small;
2574
2575	rays.push_back(RayInfo(ray, minT / len, maxT / len));
2576	}
2577	}
2578
2579	cout << "finished in " << TimeDiff(startTime, GetTime()) * 1e-3 << " secs" << endl;
2580	}
2581
2582
2583	void VspTree::GetViewCells(const VssRay &ray, ViewCellContainer &viewCells)
2584	{
2585	static Ray hray;
2586	hray.Init(ray);
2587
2588	float tmin = 0, tmax = 1.0;
2589
2590	if (!mBoundingBox.GetRaySegment(hray, tmin, tmax) \|\| (tmin > tmax))
2591	return;
2592
2593	const Vector3 origin = hray.Extrap(tmin);
2594	const Vector3 termination = hray.Extrap(tmax);
2595
2596	// view cells were not precomputed
2597	// don't mail because we need mailboxing for something else
2598	CastLineSegment(origin, termination, viewCells, false);
2599	}
2600
2601
2602	SubdivisionCandidate *VspTree::PrepareConstruction(const VssRayContainer &sampleRays,
2603	AxisAlignedBox3 *forcedViewSpace,
2604	RayInfoContainer &rays)
2605	{
2606	mVspStats.Reset();
2607	mVspStats.Start();
2608	mVspStats.nodes = 1;
2609
2610	// store pointer to this tree
2611	VspSubdivisionCandidate::sVspTree = this;
2612
2613	// compute view space bounding box
2614	ComputeBoundingBox(sampleRays, forcedViewSpace);
2615
2616	// initialise termination criteria
2617	mTermMinProbability *= mBoundingBox.GetVolume();
2618	mGlobalCostMisses = 0;
2619
2620	// get clipped rays
2621	PreprocessRays(sampleRays, rays);
2622
2623	const int pvsSize = EvalPvsSize(rays);
2624
2625	Debug << "pvs size: " << (int)pvsSize << endl;
2626	Debug << "rays size: " << (int)rays.size() << endl;
2627
2628	//-- prepare view space partition
2629	const float prop = mBoundingBox.GetVolume();
2630
2631	// we assume that leaf was already created
2632	VspLeaf *leaf = new VspLeaf();
2633	mRoot = leaf;
2634
2635	// first vsp traversal data
2636	VspTraversalData vData(leaf, 0, &rays, pvsSize, prop, mBoundingBox);
2637
2638	// create first view cell
2639	CreateViewCell(vData, false);
2640
2641	#if WORK_WITH_VIEWCELL_PVS
2642	// add first view cell to all the objects view cell pvs
2643	ObjectPvsMap::const_iterator oit,
2644	oit_end = leaf->GetViewCell()->GetPvs().mEntries.end();
2645
2646	for (oit = leaf->GetViewCell()->GetPvs().mEntries.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
2647	{
2648	Intersectable obj = (oit).first;
2649	obj->mViewCellPvs.AddSample(leaf->GetViewCell(), 1);
2650	}
2651	#endif
2652
2653	//-- compute first split candidate
2654
2655	VspSubdivisionCandidate *splitCandidate = new VspSubdivisionCandidate(vData);
2656	EvalSubdivisionCandidate(*splitCandidate);
2657	leaf->SetSubdivisionCandidate(splitCandidate);
2658
2659	mTotalCost = (float)pvsSize;
2660	EvalSubdivisionStats(*splitCandidate);
2661
2662	return splitCandidate;
2663	}
2664
2665
2666	void VspTree::CollectDirtyCandidate(const VssRay &ray,
2667	const bool isTermination,
2668	vector<SubdivisionCandidate *> &dirtyList) const
2669	{
2670
2671	Intersectable *obj;
2672	Vector3 pt;
2673	KdNode *node;
2674
2675	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2676
2677	if (!obj) return;
2678
2679	switch (mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2680	{
2681	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2682	{
2683	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2684
2685	if (!leaf->Mailed())
2686	{
2687	leaf->Mail();
2688	dirtyList.push_back(leaf->mSubdivisionCandidate);
2689	}
2690	break;
2691	}
2692	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2693	{
2694	BvhLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2695
2696	if (!leaf->Mailed())
2697	{
2698	leaf->Mail();
2699	if (leaf->GetSubdivisionCandidate()) // a candidate still attached to this node
2700	{
2701	dirtyList.push_back(leaf->GetSubdivisionCandidate());
2702	}
2703	}
2704	break;
2705	}
2706	default:
2707	break;
2708	}
2709	}
2710
2711
2712	void VspTree::CollectDirtyCandidates(VspSubdivisionCandidate *sc,
2713	vector<SubdivisionCandidate *> &dirtyList)
2714	{
2715	VspTraversalData &tData = sc->mParentData;
2716	VspLeaf *node = tData.mNode;
2717
2718	KdLeaf::NewMail();
2719	BvhLeaf::NewMail();
2720
2721	RayInfoContainer::const_iterator rit, rit_end = tData.mRays->end();
2722
2723	// add all kd nodes seen by the rays
2724	for (rit = tData.mRays->begin(); rit != rit_end; ++ rit)
2725	{
2726	VssRay ray = (rit).mRay;
2727
2728	CollectDirtyCandidate(*ray, true, dirtyList);
2729	CollectDirtyCandidate(*ray, false, dirtyList);
2730	}
2731	}
2732
2733
2734	int VspTree::EvalMaxEventContribution(const VssRay &ray,
2735	const bool isTermination) const
2736	{
2737	Intersectable *obj;
2738	Vector3 pt;
2739	KdNode *node;
2740
2741	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2742
2743	if (!obj)
2744	return 0;
2745
2746	int pvs = 0;
2747
2748	switch (mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2749	{
2750	case HierarchyManager::NO_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2751	{
2752	if (-- obj->mCounter == 0)
2753	++ pvs;
2754	break;
2755	}
2756	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2757	{
2758	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2759
2760	// add contributions of the kd nodes
2761	pvs += EvalMaxEventContribution(leaf);
2762	break;
2763	}
2764	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2765	{
2766	BvhLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2767
2768	if (-- leaf->mCounter == 0)
2769	pvs += (int)leaf->mObjects.size();
2770	break;
2771	}
2772	default:
2773	break;
2774	}
2775
2776	return pvs;
2777	}
2778
2779
2780	int VspTree::PrepareHeuristics(const VssRay &ray, const bool isTermination)
2781	{
2782	int pvsSize = 0;
2783
2784	Intersectable *obj;
2785	Vector3 pt;
2786	KdNode *node;
2787
2788	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2789
2790	if (!obj)
2791	return 0;
2792
2793	switch (mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2794	{
2795	case HierarchyManager::NO_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2796	{
2797	if (!obj->Mailed())
2798	{
2799	obj->Mail();
2800	obj->mCounter = 0;
2801	++ pvsSize;
2802	}
2803	++ obj->mCounter;
2804	break;
2805	}
2806	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2807	{
2808	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2809	pvsSize += PrepareHeuristics(leaf);
2810	break;
2811	}
2812	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2813	{
2814	BvhLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2815
2816	if (!leaf->Mailed())
2817	{
2818	leaf->Mail();
2819	leaf->mCounter = 0;
2820	pvsSize += (int)leaf->mObjects.size();
2821	}
2822	++ leaf->mCounter;
2823	break;
2824	}
2825	default:
2826	break;
2827	}
2828
2829	return pvsSize;
2830	}
2831
2832
2833	int VspTree::EvalMinEventContribution(const VssRay &ray,
2834	const bool isTermination) const
2835	{
2836	Intersectable *obj;
2837	Vector3 pt;
2838	KdNode *node;
2839
2840	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2841
2842	if (!obj) return 0;
2843
2844	int pvs = 0;
2845
2846	switch (mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2847	{
2848	case HierarchyManager::NO_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2849	{
2850	if (!obj->Mailed())
2851	{
2852	obj->Mail();
2853	++ pvs;
2854	}
2855	break;
2856	}
2857	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2858	{
2859	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2860	// add contributions of the kd nodes
2861	pvs += EvalMinEventContribution(leaf);
2862	break;
2863	}
2864	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2865	{
2866	BvhLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2867	if (!leaf->Mailed())
2868	{
2869	leaf->Mail();
2870	pvs += (int)leaf->mObjects.size();
2871	}
2872	break;
2873	}
2874	default:
2875	break;
2876	}
2877
2878	return pvs;
2879	}
2880
2881
2882	void VspTree::UpdateContributionsToPvs(const VssRay &ray,
2883	const bool isTermination,
2884	const int cf,
2885	float &frontPvs,
2886	float &backPvs,
2887	float &totalPvs) const
2888	{
2889	Intersectable *obj;
2890	Vector3 pt;
2891	KdNode *node;
2892
2893	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2894
2895	if (!obj) return;
2896
2897	switch (mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2898	{
2899	case HierarchyManager::NO_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2900	{
2901	// find front and back pvs for origing and termination object
2902	UpdateContributionsToPvs(obj, cf, frontPvs, backPvs, totalPvs);
2903	break;
2904	}
2905	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2906	{
2907	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2908	UpdateContributionsToPvs(leaf, cf, frontPvs, backPvs, totalPvs);
2909	break;
2910	}
2911	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2912	{
2913	BvhLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2914	UpdateContributionsToPvs(leaf, cf, frontPvs, backPvs, totalPvs);
2915	break;
2916	}
2917	}
2918	}
2919
2920
2921	int VspTree::EvalContributionToPvs(const VssRay &ray,
2922	const bool isTermination) const
2923	{
2924	Intersectable *obj;
2925	Vector3 pt;
2926	KdNode *node;
2927
2928	ray.GetSampleData(isTermination, pt, &obj, &node);
2929
2930	if (!obj) return 0;
2931
2932	int pvs = 0;
2933
2934	switch(mHierarchyManager->GetObjectSpaceSubdivisonType())
2935	{
2936	case HierarchyManager::NO_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2937	{
2938	if (!obj->Mailed())
2939	{
2940	obj->Mail();
2941	++ pvs;
2942	}
2943	break;
2944	}
2945	case HierarchyManager::KD_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2946	{
2947	KdLeaf *leaf = mHierarchyManager->mOspTree->GetLeaf(pt, node);
2948
2949	pvs += EvalContributionToPvs(leaf);
2950	break;
2951	}
2952	case HierarchyManager::BV_BASED_OBJ_SUBDIV:
2953	{
2954	BvhLeaf *bvhleaf = mHierarchyManager->mBvHierarchy->GetLeaf(obj);
2955
2956	if (!bvhleaf->Mailed())
2957	{
2958	bvhleaf->Mail();
2959	pvs += (int)bvhleaf->mObjects.size();
2960	}
2961	break;
2962	}
2963	default:
2964	break;
2965	}
2966
2967	return pvs;
2968	}
2969
2970
2971	int VspTree::EvalContributionToPvs(KdLeaf *leaf) const
2972	{
2973	if (leaf->Mailed()) // leaf already mailed
2974	return 0;
2975
2976	leaf->Mail();
2977
2978	int pvs = (int)(leaf->mObjects.size() - leaf->mMultipleObjects.size());
2979
2980	ObjectContainer::const_iterator oit, oit_end = leaf->mMultipleObjects.end();
2981
2982	for (oit = leaf->mMultipleObjects.begin(); oit != oit_end; ++ oit)
2983	{
2984	Intersectable obj = oit;
2985	if (!obj->Mailed())
2986	{
2987	obj->Mail();
2988	++ pvs;
2989	}
2990	}
2991
2992	return pvs;
2993	}
2994
2995
2996	}

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